BACKGROUND Alveolar macrophages play an important role during the development of acute inflammatory lung injury. In the present study, in vivo alveolar macrophage depletion was performed by intratracheal application of dichloromethylene diphosphonate-liposomes in order to study the role of these effector cells in the early endotoxin-induced lung injury. METHODS Lipopolysaccharide was applied ...

introduction radiographs provide unique information about the status of periodontium and permanent records of condition of bone throughout the course of the disease. interproximal images record the distance between the cementoenamel junction and the crest of the interradicular alveolar bone, more accurately. the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of different vertical angles of x-r...

Alveolar ridge resorption is a natural consequence of teeth extraction, with unpleasant aesthetic and functional consequences that might compromise future oral rehabilitation. To minimize the biological alveolar resorption, several surgical procedures have been designed, so-called preservation (ARP) techniques. One important characteristic concomitant use biomaterial in ARP. In past decade, aut...

  Bronchiolo-alveolar carcinoma with subcutaneous chest wall metastasis is a very rare presentation. A case of 36- year-old male with metastatic subcutaneous chest nodule of bronchiolo-alveolar carcinoma, diagnosed by fine needle aspiration cytology, is reported here. Cutaneous metastases are of diagnostic importance because they may be the first manifestation of an undiscovered internal malig...

Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis is a rare disease characterized by the accumulation of lipoproteinaceous material derived from alveolar surfactant in the alveoli, with a consequent deterioration in gas exchange. Pathogenesis is related to impaired phagocytic function of alveolar macrophages. In recent years, a new treatment for pulmonary alveolar proteinosis-consisting of subcutaneous administra...

Diseases featuring abnormally low alveolar PO2 are frequently accompanied by systemic effects. The common presence of an underlying inflammatory component suggests that inflammation may contribute to the pathogenesis of the systemic effects of alveolar hypoxia. While the role of alveolar macrophages in the immune and defense functions of the lung has been long known, recent evidence indicates t...

Cell membrane phospholipids, like phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate [PI(4,5)P(2)], can regulate epithelial Na channel (ENaC) activity. Gender differences in lung ENaC expression have also been demonstrated. However, the effects in vivo on alveolar fluid clearance are uncertain. Thus PI(4,5)P(2) effects on alveolar fluid clearance were studied in male and female rats. An isosmolar 5% albumin...

Intra-alveolar fibrin deposition is a common response to localized and diffuse lung infection and acute lung injury (ALI). We hypothesized that the alveolar epithelium modulates intra-alveolar fibrin deposition through activation of protein C. Our objectives [corrected] were to determine whether components of the protein C activation pathway are present in the alveolar compartment in ALI and wh...

Inadequate nutrition complicates the clinical course of critically ill patients, and many of these patients develop pulmonary edema. However, little is known about the effect of malnutrition on the mechanisms that resolve alveolar edema. Therefore, we studied the mechanisms responsible for the decrease in alveolar fluid clearance in rats exposed to malnutrition. Rats were allowed access to wate...

The hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS) develops when pulmonary vasodilatation leads to abnormal gas exchange. However, in human HPS, restrictive ventilatory defects are also observed supporting that the alveolar epithelial compartment may also be affected. Alveolar type II epithelial cells (AT2) play a critical role in maintaining the alveolar compartment by producing four surfactant proteins (SPs,...