This paper defines the notion of analogical dissimilarity between four objects, with a special focus on objects structured as sequences. Firstly, it studies the case where the four objects have a null analogical dissimilarity, i.e. are in analogical proportion. Secondly, when one of these objects is unknown, it gives algorithms to compute it. Thirdly, it tackles the problem of defining analogic...

Analogical cognition refers to the ability to detect, process, and learn from relational similarities. The study of analogical and similarity cognition is widely considered one of the ‘success stories’ of cognitive science, exhibiting convergence across many disciplines on foundational questions. Given the centrality of analogy to mind and knowledge, it would benefit philosophers investigating ...

Imagination Lab Foundation researchers communicate their findings to interested readers through the Working Paper publication series. This paper should be considered preliminary in nature and subject to subsequent revision. ABSTRACT Analogical reasoning refers to the successful transfer of structural similarities from a source to a target domain. In strategic management research, this concept h...

Analogical reasoning is a powerful mechanism for exploiting past experience in planning and problem solving. This paper outlines a theory of analogical problem solving based on an extension to means-ends analysis. An analogical transformation process is developed to extract knowledge from past successful problem solving situations that bear strong similarity to the current problem. Then, the in...

The present study provides evidence for far analogical retrieval, i.e., analogical retrieval across disparate task domains, as a result of analogical comparison. Participants read source stories, which were then retrieved after a filled delay through abstract letter-string cues that matched the relational form of key parts of stories. They then generated responses to an ambiguous letter-string ...

Comparisons over commutative expressions constitute a special problem in analogical mapping. The unique character of these comparisons stems from the nature of commutative expressions themselves, which encapsulate particular dimensions of similarity between their arguments. In this paper, we describe commutative matching mechanisms for two analogical mapping systems (SME and MAGI), and demonstr...

In Analogical Modeling (AM), I distinguish between the core theory and its application to language. I begin here by briefly defining the basic system of AM. The goal is to predict the outcome for a set of conditions referred to as the given context (sometimes the given context is referred to as the test item.) From the given context, we construct more general versions of that context, which we ...

Categorization and analogical reasoning are two important cognitive processes, for which there exist formal counterparts (at least they may be regarded as such): namely, formal concept analysis on the one hand, and analogical proportions (modeled in propositional logic) on the other hand. This is a first attempt aiming at relating these two settings. The paper presents an algorithm that takes a...

We used eye-tracking to study the time course of analogical reasoning in adults. We considered proportions of looking times and saccades. The main question was whether or not adults would follow the same search strategies for different types of analogical problems (Scene Analogies vs. Classical A:B:C:D scene version of A:B::C:D). We then compared these results to the predictions of various mode...

Although comparison and explanation have typically been studied independently, recent work suggests connections between these processes. Three experiments investigated effects of comparison and explanation on analogical problem solving. In Experiment 1, explaining the solutions to two analogous stories increased spontaneous transfer to an analogical problem. In Experiment 2, explaining a single...