Breakpoint graph decomposition is a crucial step in all recent approximation algorithms for Sorting by Reversals, which is one of the best-known algorithmic problems in computational molecular biology. Caprara and Rizzi recently improved the approximation ratio for breakpoint graph decomposition from 32 to 33 23 + ≈ 1.4348 + , for any positive . In this paper, we extend the techniques of Caprar...

We extend the general framework of structural limits from graphs and relational structures to finite structures (including function symbols). For perhaps the simplest model of this type — sets with single unary function — we determine limit objects with respect to the three main fragments of first order. In each of these cases we solve an analog of Aldous-Lyons conjecture. This builds on the ex...

Identification and characterization of unique to human regulatory sequences in embryonic stem cells reveal associations with transposable elements, distal enhancers, non-coding RNA, and DNA methylation-driven mechanisms of genome editing Gennadi V. Glinsky 2, 3 The Stanford University School of Medicine, Medical School Lab Surge Bldg, Room P214, 1201 Welch Road, Stanford, CA 94305-5494 Correspo...

BACKGROUND Intrauterine insemination (IUI) is the first therapeutic step in assisted reproductive techniques and many factors, including male and female infertility and technique-dependent factors, have been reported to influence pregnancy rates after IUI. METHODS We carried out this retrospective study on 1201 couples undergoing 3012 intrauterine insemination cycles during 2002 to 2009. Preg...

A recent temperature reconstruction of global annual temperature shows Early Holocene warmth followed by a cooling trend through the Middle to Late Holocene [Marcott SA, et al., 2013, Science 339(6124):1198-1201]. This global cooling is puzzling because it is opposite from the expected and simulated global warming trend due to the retreating ice sheets and rising atmospheric greenhouse gases. O...

The MukB protein is essential for chromosome partitioning in Escherichia coli and consists of 1484 amino acid residues (170 kDa). We have determined the base changes at the mutated sites of the mukB106 mutant and a newly isolated mutant, mukB33. These mutant mukB genes were each found to carry a single base-pair transition which leads to an amino acid substitution; a serine residue at position ...

Spiral features in the early Universe The assembly of galaxies is thought to have produced disturbed and asymmetric objects. Morphological seen nearby galaxies, such as stellar disks, bulges, spiral arms, require time form would be by frequent galaxy mergers that occurred at times. Tsukui Iguchi identified a distant containing disk gas with morphology. also has compact central mass concentratio...

1Center for Computation & Technology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, U.S.A. 2Department of Computer Science, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, U.S.A. 3Southeastern Universities Research Association, 1201 New York Avenue, Washington, DC 20005, U.S.A. 4GoMOOS, 350 Commercial Street, Portland, ME 04101, U.S.A. 5Academy for Advanced Telecommunications, 3139 TAMU...