Others’ internal qualities (e.g. dispositions, attitudes) are not directly observable so we must infer them from behavior. Classic attribution theories agree that we consider both internal qualities and situational pressure when making these judgments. However, one of the most well known ideas in psychology is that social judgments are biased, and we tend to underestimate the pressure that situ...

1. I n t r o d u c t i o n Informally, a disposition is a proposition which is preponderantly, but not necessarily always, true. Simple examples of dispositions are: Smoking is addictive, exercise is good for your health, long sentences are more difficult to parse than short sentences, overeating causes obesity, Trudi is always right, etc. Dispositions play a central role in human reasoning, si...

It has proven difficult to articulate exactly how dispositions are related to subjunctive conditionals. The natural starting-point is a simple conditional analysis, according to which an object o is disposed to give response r to stimulus s if and only if, were o to undergo stimulus s, it would give response r. A glass is disposed to break when dropped, for example, if and only if it would brea...

Controversy about dispositions ranges over the following four domains: (i) the semantics of disposition ascriptions; (ii) the distinction between dispositional and categorical properties; (iii) the metaphysical status of dispositions, i.e. their fundamentality, naturalness and intrinsicness; and (iv) the various dispositional analyses of philosophical notions like causation, laws, modality, cou...

This study examined the relationship between multicultural personality dispositions and trait emotional intelligence. The sample included 152 graduate education students enrolled at a university in a large northeastern city of the United States. The multicultural personality dispositions of Cultural Empathy and Social Initiative predicted variance in trait emotional intelligence above and beyon...

In secularized modern Western societies, moral opposition to the liberalization of abortion, gay adoption, euthanasia, and suicide often relies on justifications based on other-oriented motives (mainly, protection of the weak, e.g., children). Moreover, some argue that the truly open-minded people may be those who, against the stream, oppose the established dominant liberal values in modern soc...