in the system of international law, individuals enjoy some rights and states are initially obliged to grant of these rights, especially in the field of human rights and humanitarian law. if this obligation is not fulfilled, the responsible state has to compensate the injured individuals based on special rules of treaty laws and general rules of international responsibility, including customary ...

The differences in CO2 equivalent emissions and carbon compensation due to land use changes can provide a basis for formulating low-carbon development policies various regions according net emissions. Based on the energy consumption data of Hunan Province from 2000 2020, calculation model is constructed calculate values different cities periods. results showed that: (1) From there was significa...

In Caenorhabditis elegans, sex is determined by the opposing actions of X-signal elements (XSEs) and autosomal signal elements (ASEs), which communicate the ratio of X chromosomes to sets of autosomes (X:A signal). This study delves more deeply into the mechanism by which XSEs transmit X chromosome dose. We determined the relative contributions of individual XSEs to the X:A signal and showed th...

BACKGROUND Drosophila melanogaster females have two X chromosomes and two autosome sets (XX;AA), while males have a single X chromosome and two autosome sets (X;AA). Drosophila male somatic cells compensate for a single copy of the X chromosome by deploying male-specific-lethal (MSL) complexes that increase transcription from the X chromosome. Male germ cells lack MSL complexes, indicating that...

This paper presents a methodology to assess the voltage stability status combined with optimal power flow technique using an instantaneous two-bus equivalent model of power system incorporating static var compensator (SVC) and thyristor controlled series compensator (TCSC) controllers. There by, a generalized global voltage stability indicator being developed has been applied to a robust practi...

Dosage compensation modifies the chromatin of X-linked genes to assure equivalent expression in sexes with unequal X chromosome dosage. In Drosophila dosage compensation is achieved by increasing expression from the male X chromosome. The ribonucleoprotein dosage compensation complex (DCC) binds hundreds of sites along the X chromosome and modifies chromatin to facilitate transcription. Loss of...

Magnetisation and magnetostriction measurements have been performed on the ferrimagnetic ErxY1-,Fez (z = 1.0, 0.8, 0.6 and 0.4) compounds. All investigated compounds have a compensation point in the temperature range between 100 K and 500 K. The strength of the Er-Fe interaction has been estimated to be equal to 138 T/pB, equivalent to a value for the R-Fe coupling parameter of about 7.8 K.

This paper studies the iterative learning control of robotic systems with repetitive tasks. A fuzzy neural network is applied to design a direct adaptive iterative learning controller. The fuzzy neural network is introduced for compensation of the unknown certainty equivalent controller. A new adaptive law using mixed time-domain and iteration-domain adaptation is developed. It is shown that th...

We consider a compensation problem within a responsible–sensitive egalitarian framework. We show that Arrowvian general impossibility results. However, if information about interpersonal– comparable utilities is available, this impossibility is escapable. We characterize a general class of allocation rules defined by social evaluation functions. As a corollary of our results, we obtain new char...