There have been much speculation and debate concerning the effect of electromagnetic fields (EMF) on body systems. Various reports have implicated excessive exposure to EMF to certain forms of leukemia. It has also been reported that EMF may cause alteration in the levels of certain macro- and micro-nutrients such as copper, zinc, selenium, calcium and iron. We have undertaken this study to det...

The semantics of the times macro is given in [2] only for the case when the body of the macro is parahalting. We remedy this by defining a new times macro instruction in terms of while (see [9, 13]). The semantics of the new times macro is given in a way analogous to the semantics of while macros. The new times uses an anonymous variable to control the number of its executions. We present two e...

Background: CD4+ and CD8+ T cells are the main types of lymphocytes in cell-mediated immunity and play a central role in the induction of efficient immune responses against tumors. The frequencies of T cell subtypes in the peripheral blood and tumor tissues, and draining lymph nodes (dLN) can be considered as useful markers for evaluation of the immune system in cancers. Methods: In this study,...

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idiarrhea is known as the current and economic disease among new born calves. it is characterized by dehydration, loss of macro-minerals, weakness, recumbency and death. in calves diarrhea with different etiology, loss of liquid and electrolytes are the principle signs and the cause of death too. therefore, determination of the amounts of liquid and mainly electrolytes depletion is important in...

First, mathematical formulae faithfully describing the distributions of amino acids and codons and reproducing the degeneracies in the various known genetic codes, including the standard genetic code, are constructed, by hand. Second, we summarize another mathematical approach relying on the use of q-deformations to describe these same genetic codes, and add a new application not considered bef...

For hydrologic applications, terrain models should have few local minima, and drainage lines should coincide with edges. We show that triangulating a set of points with elevations such that the number of local minima of the resulting terrain is minimized is NP-hard for degenerate point sets. The same result applies when there are no degeneracies for higher-order Delaunay triangulations. Two heu...

We show that in the worst case, (n d) sidedness queries are required to determine whether a set of n points in IR d is aanely degenerate, i.e., whether it contains d + 1 points on a common hyperplane. This matches known upper bounds. We give a straightforward adversary argument, based on the explicit construction of a point set containing (n d) \collapsible" simplices, any one of which can be m...