Zatloukal J . , J . Lorenzová, F. Tich ̆, A. Neãas, H. Kecová, P. Kohout: Breed and Age as Risk Factors for Canine Mammary Tumours. Acta Vet. Brno 2005, 74: 103-109. Mammary tumours in 214 dogs were evaluated at the Department of Surgery and Orthopaedics, Veterinary and Pharmaceutical University Brno, between 1997 and 2001. Lesions of the mammary gland were classified as dysplasia/hyperplasia, b...

BACKGROUND Breast cancer is the most common neoplasia in women. Even though advances in its treatment have improved disease outcome, some patients relapse. Therefore, attempts to better define the molecular determinants that drive breast cancer cell proliferation may help in defining potential therapeutic targets. Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) play important roles in tumorigenesis. O...

PURPOSE Cushing's disease (CD), also known as pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism, is caused by adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-secreting pituitary tumours. Affected humans and dogs have similar clinical manifestations, however, the incidence of the canine disease is thousand-fold higher. This makes the dog an obvious model for studying the pathogenesis of pituitary-dependent hyperadren...

BACKGROUND Cadherins are calcium-dependent cell-to-cell adhesion glycoproteins playing a critical role in the formation and maintenance of normal tissue architecture. In normal mammary gland, E-cadherin is expressed by luminal epithelial cells, while P-cadherin is restricted to myoepithelial cells. Changes in the expression of classical E- and P-cadherins have been observed in mammary lesions a...

Mammary tumours are the most common neoplasm in intact female dogs and account for approximately half of all neoplasms in the bitch. In contrast, mammary neoplasms are rare in male dogs, accounting for less than 1% of these types of tumours. The incidence of mammary tumours is higher in dogs than any other domesticated animal and is three times the incidence in humans. Approximately half of the...

Introduction The term soft tissue tumours is used to describe a heterogeneous group of neoplasms that exhibit the differentiated features of various supporting tissues of the body, such as smooth and striated muscle, fat, fibrous tissue and vessels (1). Together with tumours of bone, they form a major histogenetic class distinct from neoplasms of epithelial origin (adenomas and carcinomas), blo...

BACKGROUND The diagnosis of breast lesions is usually confirmed by fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) or histological biopsy. Although there is increasing literature regarding the advantages and limitations of both modalities, there is no literature regarding the accuracy of these modalities for diagnosing breast lesions in high-risk patients, who usually have lesions detected by screening....

Here is reported the development of an experimental model using intravital microscopy as a tool to orthotopically investigate malignant bone tumours. Although up to 85% of the most frequently occurring malignant solid tumours, such as lung and prostate carcinomas, metastasize into the bone, and despite the knowledge that a tumour's course may be altered by its surrounding tissue, there is no ad...

Normal breast development is controlled by a balance between cell proliferation and apoptosis. The balance between the two parameters is crucial for determining the growth or regression of breast tumours in response to therapies and treatments. Therefore, it is necessary to understand the role of apoptosis in tumour progression. Active caspases participate as essential elements in the execution...

BACKGROUND Undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma not otherwise specified (NOS) is a malignant neoplasm of uncertain origin arising both in the soft tissue and the bone. The WHO classified this tumour in 2002 but controversy has plagued this entity due to limited availability of tissue for study. The aim of this study was to establish a reproducible xenograft model of primary human undifferentiat...