Currently marketed Streptococcus pneumoniae (Spn) vaccines, which contain polysaccharide capsular antigens from the most common Spn serotypes, have substantially reduced pneumococcal disease rates but have limited coverage. A trivalent pneumococcal protein vaccine containing pneumococcal choline-binding protein A (PcpA), pneumococcal histidine triad protein D (PhtD), and detoxified pneumolysin ...

background: in some studies inflammatory bowel disease (ibd) and celiac disease were considered to be associated and some belive that this association may influence the prognosis of ibd. however, there is a cosiderable controversy regarding this association. therefore ,we aimed to assess the association of these two common digestive diseases and evaluate the complications of this association. m...

Antibodies to a capsular polysaccharide (PS) provide protection against Streptococcus pneumoniae which express the homologous capsular serotype, and pneumococcal vaccines are designed to induce antibodies in the capsular PS. Levels and opsonophagocytic capacity of antibodies to the capsular PS of S. pneumoniae serotype 19F were determined by sera from adults immunized with 23-valent S. pneumoni...

HIV(+) subjects on optimal antiretroviral therapy have persistently impaired antibody responses to pneumococcal vaccination. We explored the possibility that this effect may be due to HIV protease inhibitors (PIs). We found that in humans and mice, PIs do not affect antibody production in response to pneumococcal vaccination.

Innate immunity is of particular importance for protection against infection during early life, when adaptive immune responses are immature. CD14 plays key roles in innate immunity, including in defense against pathogens associated with otitis media, a major pediatric health care issue. The T allele of the CD14 C-159T polymorphism has been associated with increased serum CD14 levels. Our object...

BACKGROUND To better understand the high incidence of pneumococcal meningitis in the African meningitis belt, we conducted a pneumococcal seroprevalence study during a meningococcal meningitis epidemic in Western Burkina Faso, March 2006. METHODS In 3 villages experiencing epidemics, we included 624 healthy persons (1-39 years) by cluster sampling. We determined pneumococcal serum immunoglobu...

The pneumococcus is a major otitis media (OM) pathogen, but data are conflicting regarding whether otitis-prone children have impaired humoral immunity to pneumococcal antigens. We and others have shown that otitis-prone and healthy children have similar antibody titers to pneumococcal proteins and polysaccharides (vaccine and nonvaccine types); however, the quality of antibodies from otitis-pr...

Estimates of minimum protective antibody concentrations for vaccine preventable diseases are of critical importance in assessing whether new vaccines will be as effective as those for which clinical efficacy was shown directly. We describe a method for correlating pneumococcal anticapsular antibody responses of infants immunized with pneumococcal conjugate (PnC) vaccine (Prevenar) with clinical...

background: myocardial infarction (mi) is one of the most common and serious diseases resulting from coronary artery occlusion and major reduction in blood flow. streptokinase as a thrombolytic is considered the first and most important therapeutic intervention for reperfusion following mi in most countries including iran. our previous study showed that, the prevalence of high antibody titers a...

in this study we produced and purified a high titer of specific and high affin¬ity fab fragments of anti-digoxin antibody. immunization of rabbits with a conju¬gate of the cardiac glycoside digoxin, coupled by a periodate oxidation method to the amino group of lysine in bovine serum albumin resulted in the production of this type of high titer digoxin-specific antibodies with exceptionally high...