Purpose: When scalp infection occurs after craniectomy and cranioplasty, it tends to be recurrent fatal. The can spread the underlying tissue when skull is not present act as a barrier, eventually leading epidural abscesses encephalitis. In such cases of widespread infection, reconstruction defect surgical debridement infected great challenge for plastic neurosurgeons.Methods: Six patients with...

In small animals such as the rabbit the ratio of eye size to body size is much larger than it is in humans. Accordingly, periocular injection of antibodies in this animal model results in significantly higher serum concentrations than does a comparable does in a human. To assess the effect of the systemic drug component on ocular penetration, we compared the levels of gentamicin in ocular tissu...

A survey of first-line antibiotic prescription in community-acquired lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) by general practitioners (GP) was carried out simultaneously, using the same methodology in France, Germany, Italy, Spain and the UK. Data were obtained from 2,056 patients and 605 GPs. There was no antibiotic prescription in 17% of all LRTIs and 13% of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP...

Cefamandole nafate (CM) and cephalothin sodium (CP) were administered as prophylaxis in a randomized, prospective study to 30 consecutive patients undergoing prosthetic cardiac valve insertion. A single dose of 20 mg/kg was given intramuscularly during anesthesia induction, and serial plasma antibiotic concentrations, atrial muscle and cardiac valve tissue antibiotic levels, plasma bactericidal...

The overprovision and irrational use of antibiotics and injections are a major public health concern. Public reporting has been adopted as a strategy to encourage good prescribing practices. This study evaluated the effects of public reporting on antibiotic and injection prescriptions in urban and rural primary care settings in Hubei province, China. A randomized control trial was conducted, wi...

To our knowledge the only report of an antibiotic produced by a thermophilic actinomycete was published by Schone (1951). The antibiotic was produced by Streptomyces thermophilus, and was named thermomycin. Schone obtained an antibiotic titer of 256 units per ml in 4 days at 60 C in stationary bottles using a buffered medium which contained 10 per cent blood serum. Extraction of this culture fi...

Teicoplanin is an antibiotic used in the prevention and treatment of serious infections caused by Gram-positive bacteria, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Enterococcus faecalis. It is a semi-synthetic glycopeptide antibiotic with a spectrum of activities similar to vancomycin. Its mechanism of action is inhibition of bacterial cell wall synthesis teicoplanin is m...

Since the first description in 1982, totally implanted venous access ports have progressively improved patients' quality of life and medical assistance when a medical condition requires the use of long-term venous access. Currently, they are part of the standard medical care for oncohematologic patients. However, apart from mechanical and thrombotic complications, there are also complications a...