BACKGROUND The emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistance is the most urgent current threat to human and animal health. An improved understanding of the abundance of antimicrobial resistance genes and genes associated with microbial colonisation and pathogenicity in the animal gut will have a major role in reducing the contribution of animal production to this problem. Here, the influence...

blast (magnaporthe grisea) is the most important disease of rice in mazandaran province, north of iran, which causes severe damages annually on susceptible cultivars. tarom mahalli is a local aromatic cultivar with high cooking quality and marketability, but very susceptible to blast. to protect this cultivar and similar susceptible cultivars against rice blast, farmers have to use high amounts...

the stripe (yellow) rust in wheat is one of the most important plant diseases in iran. since 1993 several epidemics have occurred in iran causing the breakdown of widely util-ized sources of resistance in wheat cultivars. twenty-seven pathotypes were identified during 2003 and 2004 in greenhouse tests. pathotypes 6e6a+, 6e22a+, 6e130a+, 6e134a+, 6e142a+, 6e158a+, 134e130a+ and 134e142a+ were mo...

Environmental microbial communities and human microbiota represent a huge reservoir of mobilizable genes, the 'mobilome', including a pool of genes encoding antimicrobial resistance, the 'resistome'. Whole-genome sequencing of bacterial genomes from cystic fibrosis (CF) patients has demonstrated that bacteriophages contribute significantly to bacterial genome alterations, and metagenomic analys...

Resistance to oxyimino cephalosporins antibiotics in Enterobacteriaceae is primarily done by the extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs). Clear identification of risk factors for ESBL-producing infections is necessary. Therefore, efficient strategies can be developed to decrease outbreak of these infections. The aim of this study was to determine the antibacterial susceptibility and ESBLs patter...

Resistance to oxyimino cephalosporins antibiotics in Enterobacteriaceae is primarily done by the extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs). Clear identification of risk factors for ESBL-producing infections is necessary. Therefore, efficient strategies can be developed to decrease outbreak of these infections. The aim of this study was to determine the antibacterial susceptibility and ESBLs patter...

salmonella enterica is recognized as one of the major food-borne pathogens with more than 2,500 serotypesworldwide. the present study addresses antimicrobial resistance of salmonella enterica serovar enteritidisisolates in iran. a collection of 151 salmonella spp. isolates collected from poultry were serotyped toidentify salmonella enteritidis. sixty-one salmonella enteritidis were subsequently...

We developed and tested a glass-based microarray suitable for detecting multiple tetracycline (tet) resistance genes. Microarray probes for 17 tet genes, the beta-lactamase bla(TEM-1) gene, and a 16S ribosomal DNA gene (Escherichia coli) were generated from known controls by PCR. The resulting products (ca. 550 bp) were applied as spots onto epoxy-silane-derivatized, Teflon-masked slides by usi...