In this work, a fuzzy-logic controller for minimization of the nitrous oxide emission from wastewater treatment plants is developed and tested in a simulation environment. The controller is designed in order to maintain a balance between production and consumption of nitrite by AOB and NOB microorganisms respectively. Thus, accumulation of nitrite is prevented and AOB denitrification, the main ...

In the present report, we describe a case of a patient with an asymptomatic aneurysm in the arc of Bühler (AOB), which was successfully treated by transcatheter arterial embolization. The patient presented with severe stenosis of the celiac trunk, which was suspected to be due to median arcuate ligament syndrome. Arteriography of the superior mesenteric artery indicated a rapid stream in an ane...

Nitrous oxide production from N-impacted soils is highly influenced by rates of inorganic nitrogen metabolized by the soil microbial community. The processes of nitrification and denitrification convert soil nitrite into nitrous oxide either directly or via nitrate. Although methane-oxidizing bacteria (MOB) are predominantly involved in converting methane to carbon dioxide, their evolutionary l...

Chloramination is often the disinfection regimen of choice for extended drinking water systems. However, this process is prone to instability due to the growth of nitrifying bacteria. This is the first study to use alternative approaches for rapid investigation of chloraminated drinking water system instability in which flow cytometric cell sorting of bacteria with intact membranes (membrane-in...

This study describes the microscopic organization of a wedge-shaped area at the intersection of the main (MOB) and accessory olfactory bulbs (AOBs), or olfactory limbus (OL), and an additional component of the anterior olfactory nucleus or alpha AON that lies underneath of the AOB. The OL consists of a modified bulbar cortex bounded anteriorly by the MOB and posteriorly by the AOB. In Nissl-sta...

This paper presents and evaluates a distributed mechanism for the contention control in IEEE 802.11 Wireless LANs. Specifically, our mechanism named Asymptotically Optimal Backoff (AOB), dynamically adapts the backoff window size to the current load. AOB guarantees that an IEEE 802.11 WLAN asymptotically (i.e. for a large number of active stations) achieves its optimal channel utilization. The ...

The microbial ecology of the nitrogen cycle in agricultural soils is an issue of major interest. We hypothesized a major effect by farm management systems (mineral versus organic fertilizers) and a minor influence of soil texture and plant variety on the composition and abundance of microbial nitrifiers. We explored changes in composition (16S rRNA gene) of ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA), bact...

Previously, a coculture system of accessory olfactory bulb (AOB) neurons and vomeronasal (VN) neurons was established for studying the functional roles of AOB neurons in pheromonal signal processing. In this study, the effect of VN neurons on the development of AOB neurons was examined in a coculture system. Spine density was quantitatively measured for various culture periods of 21, 28, 36, an...

Noradrenergic modulation of dendrodendritic synapses between the mitral and granule cells in the accessory olfactory bulb (AOB) is postulated to play a key role in the formation of memory in olfactory-mediated behaviors. Current models propose that noradrenaline (NA) increases excitation of mitral/tufted cells (M/TCs) by decreasing the release of GABA from granule cells. However, surprisingly l...

In most of the mammalian sensory systems there are massive cortical feedback projections to early processing stations. The mammalian accessory olfactory system is considered unique in several aspects. It is specialized for processing pheromonal signals and plays a critical role in regulating sociosexual behaviors. Furthermore, pheromonal signals are believed to bypass cortex and reach the hypot...