The binding of proteins to specific DNA sequences frequently results in localized bending of the DNA, which may play important roles in regulating transcription of a variety of genes (1,3). The pBend family of plasmids (2,4) allow generation of permuted fragments containing cloned DNA-binding sites and provide a convenient and widely used method for analyzing DNA bending. In most popular clonin...

The size and physical structure of the Leptospira interrogans genome was characterized using contour-clamped homogenous electric field (CHEF) gel electrophoresis. The L. interrogans genome is approximately 4750 kb in size and is composed of two molecular species of DNA: a 4400 kb chromosome; and a 350 kb plasmid, pLIN1. A physical map of the chromosome was constructed with the restriction enzym...

Background: Vitamin D receptor (VDR) is present on adipocytes, and many studies were performed to investigate the association between polymorphisms in VDR gene with obesity. However, in the Arab Gulf populations, whereas obesity prevalence is increasing dramatically, only a few studies were addressed this relation with obesity based only on body mass index. This study aimed to find the associat...

A restriction map of the genome of Mycoplasma pneumoniae, a small human pathogenic bacterium, was constructed by means of an ordered cosmid library which spans the complete bacterial chromosome. The positions of 143 endonuclease EcoRI restriction fragments were determined and aligned with the physical map. In addition, restriction sites for the rare-cutting enzymes XhoI (25 sites), ApaI (13 sit...

There are many difficulties in implementation of interactive applications. The new technologies used in the development process for Digital Television and the meeting of different areas such as audiovisual and information technology with vocabularies and their own styles of work brought new challenges for the workflow. The APAI: Analysis and Design of Interactive Applications framework was crea...

Abstract The underwater Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha-apai volcano erupted in the early hours of 15th January 2022, and injected volcanic gases aerosols to over 50 km altitude. Here we synthesise satellite, ground-based, situ radiosonde observations eruption investigate strength stratospheric aerosol water vapour perturbations initial weeks after quantify net radiative impact across two species using of...

Four hundred and twenty-two beef cattle of two different breeds (purebred Hereford and composite multibreed) were characterized by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism, using the restriction enzymes ApaI, AvaII, HindIII, PstI, SpeI, SspI and TaqI in two regions (the D-loop and the ND-5 gene) of mitochondrial DNA. The association between molecular haplotypes and rec...