objective: knowledge about the internal anatomy of the root canal and apical foramen is a critical prerequisite for root canal therapy and is necessary for the success of endodontic treatment. this study aimed to determine the distance of apical foramen from the anatomical apex and apical constriction, evaluate the deviation of apical foramen from the anatomical apex and specify the most common...

Treatment of a non vital tooth with necrotic pulp and immature apex is a great challenge to the clinician. In obturation for gutta-percha condensation, there should be an apical barrier to avoid extrusion of cements and gutta-percha into the apical area leading to periapical trauma. Apexification is a method which is used for treatment of such tooth with open apex. It is defined as “a method to...

Setting of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) is affected by various factors. The purpose this in vitro study was to evaluate the influence root canal wall thickness on mechanical properties MTA along whole apical plug. Bovine bone mold tubes with internal diameter 2 mm, height 5 and 0.8 1.2 1.6 mm were filled 3 ProRoot kept 37 °C relative humidity 100% for 7 days. indentation hardness reduced mo...

Abstract It has been suggested that the response of specialty cut flower Limonium sinuatum to different abiotic stress situations related plug tray cell size during nursery could be associated with synthesis and translocation endogenous cytokinins produced in root tips. To validate this hypothesis, aim work was evaluate participation process biomass accumulation L. plants through foliar sprayin...

Background This paper analyzed the distribution of treatments for permanent teeth with necrotic pulps and open apices according to the stage of root development. Material and Methods Dental records from all root canal procedures performed in permanent teeth with necrotic pulps and open apices over a period of 14 years by residents of the Speciality of Endodontics, University of Guadalajara, M...

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM Alkaline pH can affect the physical and chemical properties and sealing ability of apical plug material. Calcium hydroxide is used as an intracanal medication to complete disinfection of root canals. It raises the pH of environment to alkaline value. PURPOSE The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate and compare the effect of alkaline pH on the sealing ability of ...

his study evaluated the sealing ability of apical plugs fabricated with gray MTA Angelus sealer, CPM TM sealer and MBPc sealer. The root canals of 98 extracted single-rooted human teeth were instrumented with #5 to #1 Gates Glidden drills according to the crown-down technique until the #1 drill could pass through the apical foramen. The specimens were then prepared with K-files, starting with a...

Abstract Objective To compare the push out bond strength of MTA apical plug in a simulated immature root, after using different irrigation protocols; NaOCl + 20% Etidronic acid (HEBP) and 17% Ethylenediaminetetraacetic (EDTA) with without diode laser activation. Methods Twenty-eight extracted single straight rooted permanent human teeth were selected. The root lengths standardized (15 mm) by de...