Increasing environmental pressures, pollution and legislation in Europe are creating the urgent need for regional-catchment scale geological models to assess hydrogeological conditions and inform mathematical and numerical groundwater models. Geological models are especially important in areas with superficial deposits overlying key aquifers. These areas are often characterized by very complex ...

Sediments from the sulfate-reduction zone of a petroleum-contaminated aquifer, in which benzene persisted, were inoculated with a benzene-oxidizing, sulfate-reducing enrichment from aquatic sediments. Benzene was degraded, with apparent growth of the benzene-degrading population over time. These results suggest that the lack of benzene degradation in the sulfate-reduction zones of some aquifers...

Innovative technologies for subsurface remediation, including in situ techniques based on heating the subsurface to enhance the recovery of organic contaminants, are increasingly being evaluated for use at specific sites as the limitations to the conventionally-used techniques are recognized. The purpose of this Issue Paper is to provide to those involved in assessing remediation technologies f...

Spatially distributed monthly evapotranspiration (ET) rates over the 2000–2009 period were specified for the three states [Colorado (CO), Kansas (KS), Nebraska (NE)] sharing the Republican River basin with the help of a calibration-free ETestimation method using Moderate Resolution (of about one km) Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data. Mean annual ET rate is 444 mm [i.e., 103% of the mean an...

Innovative technologies for subsurface remediation, including in situ techniques based on heating the subsurface to enhance the recovery of organic contaminants, are increasingly being evaluated for use at specific sites as the limitations to the conventionally-used techniques are recognized. The purpose of this Issue Paper is to provide to those involved in assessing remediation technologies f...

Hydrologic changes associated with the 17 January 1995 Kobe Earthquake occurred in Awajishima Island very close to the epicenter. These included: (1) large drop of water table in the mountainous area; (2) rapid increase of discharge along active faults; and (3) change of chemistry of discharged water. A simple horizontal flow model was constructed to explain the observed changes; and optimal se...

Protection zones of shallow unconfined aquifers in The Netherlands were calculated that allow protection against virus contamination to the level that the infection risk of 10(-4) per person per year is not exceeded with a 95% certainty. An uncertainty and a sensitivity analysis of the calculated protection zones were included. It was concluded that protection zones of 1 to 2 years travel time ...

The first step of aquifer parameter and dependent variable estimation based on hydraulic modeling is generally to choose the best steady-state condition for the set time period. In order to define the best estimated hydraulic conductivity and boundary condition for Gareh-Bygone Plain in arid southern Iran, ten different steady-state conditions were simulated and calibrated with limited field ob...

Changes in surface land use may threaten groundwater quality and ecosystem integrity, particularly in shallow aquifers where links between groundwater and surface activities are most intimate. In this study we examine the response of groundwater ecosystem to agricultural land uses in the shallow alluvial aquifer of the Gwydir River valley, New South Wales, Australia. We compared groundwater qua...