e d The emphasis on ‘‘open systems’’ in the past few years has led to th evelopment of interface standards in almost all areas of computing: operating . W systems, data communications, graphics, programming languages, and others hile intelligent use of standards can solve many integration problems, the s architecture of applications can significantly affect the degree of success in ystems integ...

The worldline formalism provides an alternative to Feynman diagrams in the construction of amplitudes and effective actions that shares some superior properties organization string theory. In particular, it allows one write down integral representations combining contributions large classes different topologies. However, calculating these integrals analytically without splitting them into secto...

This article investigates the long ‒term and short interactions between crude oil products export, consumer market, retail trade, public catering, paid services trade turnover per person of population in Azerbaijan using annual data from 1997 to 2021. In this research, ARDL model was used assess co ‒integration relationships. addition, study FMOLS, DOLS, CCR equations explore coefficients varia...

This study has investigated the impact of gender inequality and environmental degradation on human well-being in case Pakistan from 1980 to 2019. Augmented Dickey-Fuller unit root test is used for stationarity variables. The Autoregressive Distributed Lag Model (ARDL) co-integration among variables model. results show that a negative significant Pakistan, while equality encourages well-being. c...

The objective of this paper is to examine the cause inflation based on fiscal policy perspective where government revenue and debt such an inflationary process, meaning that if these two variables do not controlled properly, they will lead higher level inflation. Using annual data from 1972 2016 ARDL bounds test approach process data, result co integration shows are simulaneously have long run ...

One of the most difficult challenges facing economies developing and wealthy countries alike is concern about economic development, particularly issues growth unemployment. The study concentrated on trinity foreign direct investment, exports, remittances because it one significant factors in international commerce financial transactions main source reserves Jordan. investigated impact investmen...

The study examined the effects of manufacturing sector output on environmental sustainability in Nigeria from 1990 to 2019. variables used are CO2 emissions as dependent variable, and independent with foreign direct investment, electricity production population density applied control variables. Co-integration tests indicated presence a long-run relationship among study. employed Autoregressive...

In this paper, we modeled the effects of income, agricultural innovation, energy utilization, and biocapacity on Carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) emissions. We tested validity environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) hypothesis for Nigeria from 1981 to 2014. applied novel dynamic autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) simulations develop conceptual tools policy formulation. The empirical results confirmed EKC fo...