Deforestation shows the constant environmental degradation that occurs worldwide as a result of growth economic activity and increase in population. This research examines causal link between renewable energy consumption, GDP, GDP2, non-renewable price, population forest area high, middle- low-income countries. Based on data obtained from World Development Indicators, autoregressive distributed...

Bu çalışmanın amacı 2003:Q1-2021:Q2 dönemi için Türkiye ekonomisinde döviz kuru oynaklığının reel tüketim harcamaları üzerine olan kısa ve uzun dönem etkilerini Gecikmesi Dağıtılmış Otoregresif (ARDL) sınır testi yaklaşımı kullanarak araştırmaktır. Çalışmada oynaklığı serisi Koşullu Değişen Varyans (ARCH) modelinden elde edilen koşullu varyans değerleri kullanılmıştır. ARDL testinden sonuçlar, ...

Turkey adopted an export-dependent growth strategy after the 1980 liberalization. In later years, with impact of this strategy, Turkey's export structure and performance became a subject investigation. Thus, when is evaluated, dependence oriented industries on capital goods, intermediate energy remarkable. Therefore, in study, development import-based exports between 1996:1 2018:4 was tested by...

The current study attempts to investigate whether economic liberalization influences employment in Pakistan or not. Despite the traditional analysis, our has employed multiple indicators of (trade liberalization, foreign direct investment, and remittances) checked effect each indicator on level. Time series annual data for period 1980 2018 been used empirical analysis. After checking stationari...