The virulent Yersinia enterocolitica strain 8081 killed BALB/c mice within 5 days of oral infection with a 50% lethal dose of log10 7.1, whereas an aroA mutant of 8081, YAM.1, and the plasmidless variant 8081c failed to kill mice. Unlike 8081, YAM.1 and 8081c did not persist or grow in the Peyer's patches, mesenteric lymph nodes, livers, or spleens of mice. Mice immunized orally with single dos...

Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli strains of serogroup O111 are the most frequently isolated non-O157 strains causing outbreaks of gastroenteritis with haemolytic uraemic syndrome (HUS). O antigen is a major antigen in Gram-negative bacteria, and it has been shown that O111 is a protective antigen. Attenuated Salmonella enterica sv Typhimurium aroA strain STM-1 was used as a live carrier t...

An expression plasmid (pCFA-1) carrying the cfaB gene that codes for the enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) fimbrial adhesin colonization factor antigen I (CFA/I) subunit was constructed and used to transform a derivative of the attenuated Salmonella typhimurium aroA vaccine strain SL3261 carrying an F'lacIq. Treatment of the transformed strain with isopropyl-beta-D-thiogalactopyranoside (...

intracellular targeting of WR4017/pMGB2 led to expression of CS antigen on the cell surface in association with dass I MHC molecules and the induction of a cell-mediated immune response. This technique should be useful for precise mapping of critical T cell epitopes, and for construction of vaccines against other diseases in which cell-mediated immunity is important, such as leprosy, leishmania...

Abstract Background Anatomic knowledge of the tricuspid valve (TV) is first step in diagnostic algorithm patients with regurgitation (TR), who are candidates for transcatheter intervention (TTVI). Currently, echocardiography and computed tomography (CT) available instruments to study TV anatomy, guide decision-making process support development novel therapies. Purpose The Tricuspid Regurgitati...