What is the relationship between corporate philanthropy and corporate financial performance? Some scholars argue that corporate philanthropy facilitates stakeholder cooperation and helps secure access to critical resources controlled by those stakeholders, suggesting that corporate philanthropy should be positively associated with corporate financial performance. In contrast, other scholars tak...

Export and the readiness to export constitute the first step of international marketing, which are affected by both internal and external factors of firms. One of the most important internal  factors is the presence of skilled personnel. The purpose of this study was to define the relationship between staff qualification and encouragment with the readiness level of Iranian pharmacuetical firms ...

In the context of a global competitive environment, industrial companies have to pursue continuous performance improvement, leading to the popularity of Lean Manufacturing throughout the world. Overall equipment effectiveness (OEE) is considered the relevant performance measurement tool, which is able to take into account a machine’s availability, performance and quality. Therefore, many firms ...

In today’s competitive environment evaluating firms’ performance properly, is an important issue not only for investors and creditors but also for the firms that are in the same sector. Determining the competitiveness of the firms and evaluating the financial performance of them is also crucial for the sector’s development. The aim of this study is developing a fuzzy model to evaluate the perfo...

in many countries, particularly developing countries, economic reforms, especially privatization, are considered as a strategic approach. the growth of the government decreases the competition in the market, and so, some fields should be privatized in order to create the competition.  by moving towards privatization and the changes in competition methods and the presentation of the world trade,...

Outsourcing, i.e., the strategic use of outside resources to perform activities traditionally handled by internal staff and resources, have received increased attention in management practice around the world over recent decades. However, even though the main goal of outsourcing must be assumed to be improved financial performance, few researchers have been able to empirically establish this re...

We examine whether and how the effect of corporate governance depends on a firm’s financial slack, financial resources not committed to any specific use. On one hand, financial slack may be spent by self-interested managers for their private benefits, so its level is positively associated with the degree of agency conflicts. This implies that corporate governance matters more for high financial...