Graphis yunnanensis is described here as a new species. It is taxonomically well characterized by entire labia, slit-like disc, lateral thalline margin, completely carbonized proper exciple, inspersed hymenium, 8-spored asci, muriform 25~45 × 8~12 µm ascospores, and the presence of norstictic and stictic acids. The separation of the new species from other somewhat similar Graphis species is dis...

A previous study reported the isolation of two mutants (LE1 and LE2) of the plant pathogenic fungus Nectria haematococca (anamorph, Fusarium solani f. sp. cucurbitae) with macroconidia with reduced ability to adhere (Att) to zucchini fruits and polystyrene. The adhesion-reduced-phenotype in LE1 and LE2 macroconidia is temperature sensitive and dependent on the concentration of nutrients. Classi...

The possible impact of Nectria fuckeliana Booth on the forests and forest industries of New Zealand, a significant exporter of industrial roundwood, was estimated for different scenarios of the spread of the fungal pest and trade measure responses in export markets. An economic model was used to assess the direct effect of the pest and the potential impact of trade bans and phytosanitary regula...

Serial femtosecond crystallography (SFX) has opened a new era in crystallo-graphy by permitting nearly damage-free, room-temperature structure determination of challenging proteins such as membrane proteins. In SFX, femtosecond X-ray free-electron laser pulses produce diffraction snapshots from nanocrystals and microcrystals delivered in a liquid jet, which leads to high protein consumption. A ...

enantio-3-Hydroxyambrox derivatives were obtained through combined chemical and microbiological methods from ent-12-o×o-13-epi-manoyl oxides. Regioselcctive and stereoselcctive reduction ofthe ¢~bonyl group at C-3 of ent-3,12-dioxo-13-epi-manoyl oxide was card ed out with Baker "s yeast. Regioselcctive acetyl ation of ent-3,12-dihydxoxy-13-epi-manoyl oxide was accomplished with Candida cylindra...

Meiotic drivers (MDs) are selfish genetic elements that able to become overrepresented among the products of meiosis. This transmission advantage makes it possible for them spread in a population even when they impose fitness costs on their host organisms. Whether an MD can invade population, and subsequently reach fixation or coexist stable polymorphism, depends one hand biology organism, incl...