N yeast, as in other organisms where tetrad analysis is feasible, it is possible to Idetermine the distance between a given gene and the centromere of its chromosome. This may be accomplished directly if the relationship of the spores in the ascus is known. Two such relationships have been demonstrated. In the four-spored asci of Schizosaccharomyces pombe, the two spores at each end of the ascu...

A NUMBER of years ago it became feasible, as a result of the development of a plating method (LEIN, MITCHELL and HOULAHAN 1948) to obtain prototroph frequencies in samples of several thousand spores from crosses between nutritional mutants. Previously, with a more laborious method, samples of a few hundred spores, or less, had usually formed the basis of linkage information. If linkage is at al...

Esin Kulac, Mekin Sezik, Halil Asci, and Duygu K. Doguc Department of Medical Education and Informatics, Suleyman Demirel University School of Medicine, Isparta, Turkey; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Department of Medical Education and Informatics, Suleyman Demirel University School of Medicine, Isparta, Turkey; Department of Pharmacology Suleyman Demirel University School of Medi...

ABSTRACT The development of Didymella rabiei on debris of naturally infected chickpea was investigated in four chickpea-growing areas with different climatic conditions in Spain during 1987 to 1992. D. rabiei extensively colonized chickpea debris and formed pseudothecia and pycnidia. Differentiation of pseudothecial initials occurred regularly across experimental locations by November, 1 month ...

BACKGROUND There are few large case series describing the human papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes found in women diagnosed with rigorously reviewed cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3 (CIN3), cervical precancer. METHODS The Atypical Squamous Cells of Undetermined Significance (ASCUS) and Low-Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion (LSIL) Triage Study (ALTS) was a clinical trial to evaluate ...

BACKGROUND The objective of this study was to investigate the expression of human papilloma virus (HPV) L1 capsid protein in abnormal cervical cytology with HPV16 infection and analyze its association with cervical histopathology in Korean women. MATERIAL AND METHODS We performed immunocytochemistry for HPV L1 in 475 abnormal cervical cytology samples from patients with HPV16 infections using...

Ancestral state reconstructions of morphological or ecological traits on molecular phylogenies are becoming increasingly frequent. They rely on constancy of character state change rates over trees, a correlation between neutral genetic change and phenotypic change, as well as on adequate likelihood models and (for Bayesian methods) prior distributions. This investigation explored the outcomes o...