Culcitiolides E-J (1-6), six new eremophilane-type sesquiterpenes, were isolated from the stem of Senecio culcitioides SCH. BIP. (Asteraceae). The structures were determined by detailed NMR spectral analysis. The inhibitory activities of these compounds against nuclear factor κB (NF-κB)-dependent gene expression were assessed. Culcitiolides E, H, and I potently inhibited NF-κB-induced gene expr...

The extract containing sesquiterpene lactones of Centaurea iberica (Asteraceae) isolated was separated and a steroidal compound, which is stigmast-1,5-dien-3beta-ol, was purified. The chemical structure was established based on spectroscopic data (UV, IR, MS, 1H NMR, 13C NMR). Both the extract and the compound showed significant antioxidant and antimicrobial activities.

Unsaturated aliphatic isobutylamides from Asteraceae, Rutaceae and Piperaceae are potential agents to control schistosomiasis. Affinin (N-isobutyl-2,6,8_decatrienamide) from Heliopsis longipes has strong molluscicidal activity against Physa occidentalis (LD5e ca 100 PM) and the cercariae of the fluke. The amide has also been shown to be present in Wedelia parviceps flowers.

Clinodiplosis agerati, a new galling species that induces stem galls on Ageratum conyzoides (Asteraceae) is described and illustrated (larva, pupa, male, female and gall) based on material collected in Minas Gerais, Brazil. The new species is compared with the other Neotropical species. This is the first record of the Clinodiplosis in Ageratum.

Two samples of Cremanthodium stenactinium (Asteraceae) were collected in Sichuan Province, China. From the ethyl acetate extracts of the roots, three new eremophilane-type sesquiterpenoids and one new trinoreremophilane compound were isolated, together with other known eremophilanes. Their structures were determined based on the spectroscopic data. This is the first report of isolation of eremo...

The biosynthetic route for epoxyangelate esters of the sesquiterpene lactones (STL) uvedalin and enhydrin from in vitro cultures of Smallanthus sonchifolius (Asteraceae) was investigated with (13)C-precursors for the first time in the literature. Photomicroscope analyses and studies using MALDI-MS imaging confirmed that glandular trichomes accumulate STL.