Background. There is sparse literature examining the ICB phase of aerobic- and anaerobic-trained athletes. Measurements of ICB phase values of athletes can help to evaluate the sport’s physiological demands and understand the physiological adaptations in response to physical training. Objectives. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between the isocapnic buffering (IC...

PRIMARY OBJECTIVE To examine the possibility that athletes with multiple concussions show cumulative effects of injury. METHODS AND PROCEDURES Amateur athletes with a history of three or more concussions were carefully matched (gender, age, education and sport) with athletes with no prior concussions. All completed a computerized neuropsychological test battery at preseason (ImPACT) and then ...

D ifferentiating between young, athletic patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and elite athletes sometimes can be problematic. Left ventricular hypertrophy is seen mainly in athletes participating in endurance sports. A conflict exists with regard to strength athletes. Recent investigations suggest that strength athletes who use anabolic steroids have increased left ventricular hyper...

Boxing is one of the famous and spectacular sports in our country abroad. The progress determined on basis objective knowledge about structure competitive activities preparation athletes, taking into account general laws formation skills individual capabilities single-player athletes. In activities, positive negative sides boxers' skill are reflected, therefore features modern boxing. However, ...

The article analyzes the performance of participants and winners in men's women's freestyle wrestling at XXXII Olympic Games Tokyo after training camp highlands during 2nd final stage preparation for these competitions, which took place Ivano-Frankivsk region . educational sports base "Zaroslyak" taking into account age qualifications athletes. is located an altitude 1330 m above sea level. Tok...

The academic performance of students in grades 9-12 who did or did not participate in high school sports in Kansas during the 2008-2009 school year was analyzed. In addition to overall comparisons between athletes and non-athletes on GPAs, graduation rates, number of dropouts, ACT test scores, and state assessments, some gender, ethnicity, and grade comparisons were made. High school athletes e...

purpose trainers and physical fitness coaches’ need a useful tool to assess training loads to avoid overtraining. however, perceived scales or questionnaires were required. therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess whether a short 8-item questionnaire of fatigue could be a useful tool for monitoring changes in perceived training load and strain among elite rugby sevens (7s) players dur...

The purpose of this research was to utilize the concept of hubris to frame a discussion of differences between collegiate athletes and collegiate non-athletes. Surveys were distributed to a collegiate student population that included both athletes and non-athletes and included questions that served as proxies for varying dimensions of hubris, such as perceptions of campus police (conventional a...

Long-term training leads experts to develop a focused and efficient organization of task-related neural networks. "Neural efficiency" hypothesis posits that neural activity is reduced in experts. Here we tested the following working hypotheses: compared to non-athletes, athletes showed lower cortical activation in task-sensitive brain areas during the processing of sports related and sports unr...