The ability to attach to epithelial cells, efface the microvillus surface, and disrupt the underlying cytoskeleton is characteristic of enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC). Recently, eae, a gene necessary for this phenomenon, was described (A. E. Jerse, J. Yu, B. D. Tall, and J. B. Kaper, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 87:7839-7843, 1990). We report the use of a novel suicide vector containing...

For a graph G and any two vertices u and v in G, let d(u, v) denote the distance between u and v and let diam(G) be the diameter of G. A multilevel distance labeling (or radio labeling) for G is a function f that assigns to each vertex of G a positive integer such that for any two distinct vertices u and v, d(u, v)+ | f(u) − f(v) |≥ diam(G) + 1. The largest integer in the range of f is called t...

The mechanisms by which enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC), an important cause of diarrhea among infants in developing countries, induce symptoms are not defined. EPEC have a type III secretion system required for characteristic attaching and effacing changes that modify the cytoskeleton and apical surface of host cells. Infection of polarized intestinal epithelial cell monolayers by EPEC...

In the era of cloud computing, data is processed within "the cloud", and data and its dependencies between systems or functions progress and change constantly within "the cloud", as user requirements change. Such information worlds are called cyberworlds. In designing cyberworlds, the Incrementally Modular Abstraction Hierarchy (IMAH) gives a most appropriate mathematical background to model dy...

In his famous Bourbaki talk [2], Deligne described a recipe for attaching `-adic Galois representations to elliptic modular forms of integral weight at least 2. As a consequence of the method, one reduces the Ramanujan–Petersson conjecture to the validity of Weil’s Riemann Hypothesis for varieties over finite fields. There seems to exist no brief and precise outline of Deligne’s recipe in circu...

A survey was carried out to investigate the occurrence of hard tick species (Acari: Ixodidae) infesting domestic dogs in Hungary. Forty veterinary clinics from a wide geographical area were asked to collect hard ticks from dogs and to complete a questionnaire. In total, 25 veterinary clinics submitted 900 ticks from 310 dogs. Intensity of infestation ranged from one to 78 per dog. The most pref...

We introduce a minimal model of growing small-world network generated by attaching to edges. The produced network is a plane graph which exists in real-life world. We obtain the analytic results of degree distribution decaying exponentially with degree and average clustering coefficient C = 3 2 ln3− 1 ≈ 0.6479, which are in good agreement with the numerical simulations. We also prove that the i...

Service discovery in large scale, open distributed systems is difficult because of the need to filter out services suitable to the task at hand from a potentially huge pool of possibilities. Semantic descriptions have been advocated as the key to expressive service discovery, but the most commonly used service description and registry protocols do not support such descriptions in a general mann...

During the past five years, the Rat Genome Project has been rapidly gaining momentum, especially since the announcement in August 2000 of plans to sequence the rat genome. Combined with the wealth of physiological and pharmacological data for the rat, the genome sequence should facilitate the discovery of mammalian genes that underlie the physiological pathways that are involved in disease. Mos...

Escherichia coli O86:K61 has long been associated with outbreaks of infantile diarrhea in humans and with diarrheal disease in many animal species. Studies in the late 1990s identified E. coli O86:K61 as the cause of mortality in a variety of wild birds, and in this study, 34 E. coli O86:K61 isolates were examined. All of the isolates were nonmotile, but most elaborated at least two morphologic...