Hypothyroidism is the most common endocrine disorder of canines, and up to 80% of cases result from autoimmune (lymphocytic) thyroiditis. The heritable nature of this disorder poses significant genetic implications for breeding stock. Thus, accurate diagnosis of the early compensatory stages of canine autoimmune thyroiditis leading up to hypothyroidism affords important genetic and clinical opt...

background and aims: 25-hydroxy vitamin d3 is recognized to be an essential element for healthy body; however, its deficiency has been identified as a risk factor for thyroid disease, diabetes mellitus and other autoimmune diseases and infectious diseases. thyroid disease is common in the general population that its prevalence increases proportional to age. subjects with poorly controlled diabe...

objective: the autoimmune diseases tend to coexist with diabetes mellitus type i (t1dm). the concomitance of these two types of diseases will lead to poor glycemic control beside their own complications. in this study the prevalence of thyroid disorder and celiac disease among t1dm patients in yazd, iran was evaluated. materials and methods: all the patients diagnosed as t1dm in yazd younger th...

Autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT) is the most common thyroid disorder in the pediatric age range. The disease results from an as yet poorly characterized defect or defects in immunoregulation and a cascade of events progressing from lymphocyte infiltration of the thyroid, to T-cell- and cytokine-mediated thyroid follicular cell injury, and apoptotic cell death. Approximately 70% of disease risk has ...

Background and Aims: 25-hydroxy vitamin D3 is recognized to be an essential element for healthy body; however, its deficiency has been identified as a risk factor for thyroid disease, diabetes mellitus and other autoimmune diseases and infectious diseases. Thyroid disease is common in the general population that its prevalence increases proportional to age. Subjects with poorly controlled diabe...

Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is an autoimmune disease that manifests as recurrent venous or arterial thrombosis and/or pregnancy-related complications in the presence of persistent antiphospholipid (aPL) antibodies measured at least 3 months apart. APS occurs either as a primary condition or as a part of an underlying disorder, usually systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Otherwise, APS may b...

Hakaru Hashimoto described 4 patients with a hitherto unknown cause for goitre, struma lymphomatosa, a century ago. He was careful to distinguish this from Riedel thyroiditis but it has become clear that fibrosis and atrophy of the thyroid are indeed components of Hashimoto thyroiditis, and in rare cases IgG4-related sclerosing disease may be an outcome. Although the cause of the lymphocytic in...

Graves’ disease is an autoimmune syndrome where thyroid stimulating antibodies bind to and activate the thyrotropin receptor on thyroid cells resulting in hyperthyroidism (Weetman, 2000; Jonklaas, 2011). Specifically, the production of thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulin (TSI) and thyroid-stimulating hormone-binding inhibitory immunoglobulin (TBII) act on the thyroid stimulating hormone receptor...

Autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) shows the highest incidence among organ-specific autoimmune diseases and is the most common thyroid disease in humans, including Graves' disease (GD) and Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT). The susceptibility to autoimmune diseases is affected by increased autoantibody levels, susceptibility gene polymorphisms, environmental factors, and psychological factors, but th...