in the realistic manner, piles are similar to the slender columns that soil around them acts as a lateral support. the piles situated in the liquefiable soil layers, loss their lateral supports due to the liquefaction resulted from the seismic ground motion. in this case, pile has the potency of axial instability similar to the unsupported columns. this instability can lead to the lateral buckl...

In this study, an umbrella-shaped device that is used for osteonecrosis treatment is simulated. The femoral head is subjected to various complex loadings as a result of a person's daily movements. Implant devices used in the body are made of shape memory alloy materials because of their remarkable resistance to wear and corrosion, good biocompatibility, and variable mechanical properties. Since...

Long-repetition-time spin-echo MR images showed symmetric hyperintensity of the intracerebral corticospinal tracts in two patients with clinical and neurophysiologic diagnosis of primary lateral sclerosis and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. In both, axial low-flip-angle gradient-echo images of the cervical spine showed hyperintensity of the lateral columns of the cord consistent with antegrade d...

The Gemini primary mirror support incorporates a system of hydraulic whiffletrees to carry the mirror weight and define its position. The six orthogonal kinematic degrees of freedom are controlled by six hydraulic zones -three axial, two lateral, plus a transverse lateral. By varying the fluid volumes in these hydraulic zones the mirror position can be adjusted in all six degrees of freedom. Be...

In optical coherence tomography, axial and lateral resolutions are determined by the source coherence length and the numerical aperture of the sampling lens, respectively. Whereas axial resolution can be improved by use of a broadband light source, there is a trade-off between lateral resolution and focusing depth when conventional optical elements are used. We report on the incorporation of an...

OBJECTIVE The objective of this biomechanical study was to evaluate the stability provided by a newly developed shape memory alloy hook (SMAH) in a cadaveric transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) model. METHODS Six human cadaveric spines (L1-S2) were tested in an in vitro flexibility experiment by applying pure moments of ±8 Nm in flexion/extension, left/right lateral bending, and lef...

Acoustic-resolution photoacoustic microscopy (ARPAM) plays an important role in studying the microcirculation system of biological tissues with deep penetration. High lateral resolution of ARPAM is achieved by using a high numerical aperture acoustic transducer. The deteriorated lateral resolution in the out-of-focus region can be alleviated by synthetic aperture focusing technique (SAFT). Prev...

In this paper, based on maximizing the outrigger-belt truss system’s strain energy, a methodology for determining the optimum location of a flexible outrigger system is presented. Tall building structures with combined systems of framed tube, shear core, belt truss and outrigger system are modeled using continuum approach. In this approach, the framed tube sys...

BACKGROUND Preserving the C7 spinous process during cervical laminoplasty has been reported to prevent axial symptom. Some patients underwent laminectomy and fixation developed the symptom. The objective of this article was to investigate whether axial symptom can be reduced by preserving the C7 spinous process during cervical laminectomy and fixation with lateral mass screw. METHODS Between ...