Structural health monitoring of cracked structures is one of beloved subject of researchers recently. Consider of crack behavior in the water and energy pipeline is important because of environmental problems. In this paper consider of crack parameters in the underwater pipe subjected to mechanical transient load is investigated. For this purpose, three- dimensional parametric model of cracked ...

Mechanical load is an important factor in the differentiation of cells and tissues. To investigate the effects of increased mechanical load on development of muscle and bone, zebrafish were subjected to endurance swim training for 6 h/day for 10 wk starting at 14 days after fertilization. During the first 3 wk of training, trained fish showed transiently increased growth compared with untrained...

a nonlocal beam model based on the bernoulli–euler beam theory is presented to investigate the dynamic stability of embedded single-walled carbon nanotubes (swcnts) in thermal environment under combined static and periodic axial loads. the dynamic stability analysis is carried out by including the effects of small-scale parameter, temperature change and elastic medium. the equation of motion is...

in this paper, the stability characteristics of single-walled carbon nanotubes (swcnts) under the action of axial load are investigated. to this end, a nonlocal flügge shell model is developed to accommodate the small length scale effects. the analytical rayleigh-ritz method with beam functions is applied to the variational statement derived from the flügge-type buckling equations. molecular dy...

the collapse of a compression member gives rise to decrease of the load carrying capacity of the member. to perform a nonlinear analysis, in addition to the precritical behavior, the post-critical behavior of the compression member also must be determined. in this study, because of certain advantages of the finite element method, this method has been selected to evaluate the axial load-axial di...

background: the cervical spine is the most vulnerable part of the vertebral column and the rotational movements are the most dangerous movements which may cause damages to cervical spine. a good treatment option for the cervical disc disease is the replacement of a damaged disc with an artificial disc that has shown satisfactory clinical results. methods: the c4 to c6 vertebrae of a normal subj...