The fate of the major outer membrane protein of the gonococcus, P.IB, during the adherence, entry, and intracellular processing of the bacteria in infected epithelial cells was investigated using post-embedding immunoelectron microscopy. Various domains of the P.IB molecule were probed at different stages in the infection. These studies revealed that P.IB epitope exposure remained unaltered dur...

Mucohemorrhagic enteritis syndrome in swine has a complex etiology with largely unknown pathogenesis. We have observed that inoculation of pigs with swine whipworm, Trichuris suis, initiates an interaction with resident bacterial flora to induce mucohemorrhagic enteritis. The role of bacteria in this mixed infection was demonstrated using 4 treatment groups. One group of pigs was inoculated wit...

the main features of enteroaggregative escherichia coli (eaec) pathogenesis include attachment of bacteria to the intestinal mucosa, production of various toxins and cytotoxins, and stimulation of mucosal inflammation. ‘virulence’ genes encode these features. comparison of different eaec isolates has shown that the virulence gene content of these isolates varies considerably. the heterogeneity ...

Bacteriophage growth may be differentiated into sequential steps: (i) phage collision with an adsorption-susceptible bacterium, (ii) virion attachment, (iii) virion nucleic acid uptake, (iv) an eclipse period during which infections synthesize phage proteins and nucleic acid, (v) a "post-eclipse" period during which virions mature, (vi) a virion release step, and (vii) a diffusion-delimited per...

For many pathogenic bacteria surface attachment is a required first step during host interactions. Attachment can proceed to invasion of host tissue or cells or to establishment of a multicellular bacterial community known as a biofilm. The transition from a unicellular, often motile, state to a sessile, multicellular, biofilm-associated state is one of the most important developmental decision...

The chaplin proteins ChpA-H enable the filamentous bacterium Streptomyces coelicolor to form reproductive aerial structures by assembling into surface-active amyloid-like fibrils. We here demonstrate that chaplins also mediate attachment of S. coelicolor to surfaces. Attachment coincides with the formation of fimbriae, which are connected to the cell surface via spike-shaped protrusions. Mass s...

An analysis of Agrobacterium tumefaciens mutants with Tn5 insertions in chromosomal DNA showed that the chromosome of A. tumefaciens codes for a specific ability of this bacterium to attach to plant cells. This ability is associated with tumorigenesis by A. tumefaciens, the ability of avirulent A. tumefaciens to inhibit tumorigenesis, and the ability to adsorb certain phages. A second class of ...

Plant-parasitic nematodes are a major constraint on agricultural production. They significantly impede crop yield. To complete their parasitism, they need to locate, disguise, and interact with plant signals exuded in the rhizosphere of host plant. A specific subset soil microbiome can attach surface manner. We hypothesized that plants recruit species microbes as helpers against attacking nemat...

Heme attachment to c-type cytochromes in bacteria requires cysteine thiols in the CXXCH motif of the protein. The involvement of the periplasmic disulfide generation system in this process remains unclear. We undertake a systematic evaluation of the role of DsbA and DsbD in cytochrome c biogenesis in Escherichia coli and show unequivocally that DsbA is not essential for holocytochrome productio...

Bacteria deploy a range of chemistries to regulate their behaviour and respond to their environment. Quorum sensing is one method by which bacteria use chemical reactions to modulate pre-infection behaviour such as surface attachment. Polymers that can interfere with bacterial adhesion or the chemical reactions used for quorum sensing are therefore a potential means to control bacterial populat...