The bacterial outer membrane (OM) is a barrier containing membrane proteins and liposaccharides that fulfill crucial functions for Gram-negative bacteria. With the advent of drug-resistant bacteria, it is necessary to understand the functional role of this membrane and its constituents to enable novel drug designs. Here we report a simple method to form an OM-like supported bilayer (OM-SB), whi...

UNLABELLED The enteropathogenic bacterium Shigella flexneri uses a type 3 secretion apparatus (T3SA) to transfer proteins dubbed translocators and effectors inside host cells, inducing bacterial uptake and subsequent lysis of the entry vacuole. Once in the cytoplasm, the outer membrane protein IcsA induces actin polymerization, enabling cytoplasmic movement and cell-to-cell spread of bacteria. ...

Chimeras created by fusing the monomeric red fluorescent protein (RFP) to a bacterial lipoprotein signal peptide (lipoRFPs) were visualized in the cell envelope by epifluorescence microscopy. Plasmolysis of the bacteria separated the inner and outer membranes, allowing the specific subcellular localization of lipoRFPs to be determined in situ. When equipped with the canonical inner membrane lip...

pasteurella multocida (p. multocida), a gram-negative facultative anaerobic bacterium, is a causative animal pathogen in porcine atrophic rhinitis and avian fowl cholera. the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria contains of many different protein in very high copy numbers. one of the major outer membrane, the h proteins have functional as high immunogenicity and antigenicity. in this study...

Ozone (O3) is a natural gaseous molecule made up of three oxygen atoms. It leads to lyses the cell membrane most bacteria that causes dental problems due its oxidant and oxidizer properties. therapy opens new vista in treatment atraumatic, biologically based treatment. This review explores use ozone dentistry.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the adherence of oral bacteria to an in vitro basement-membrane-like matrix and to selected individual macromolecular constituents of this matrix. Radiolabeled bacteria were incubated with basement-membrane-like matrices isolated from PF HR-9 cells. Bacteroides gingivalis 33277, Fusobacterium nucleatum FN-2, and Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans G...

A rapid method for demonstration of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria in milk is described. The technique is based on dilution of the sample in a medium, followed by filtration through a porous polysulfone membrane with a pore size retaining and concentrating bacteria from the sample. The bacteria concentrated on the surface of the membrane are stained with a cationic dye (toluidine blue...

Gram- negative bacteria utilize a diverse array of multidrug transporters to pump toxic compounds out of the cell. Some transporters, together with periplasmic membrane fusion proteins (MFPs) and outer membrane channels, assemble trans-envelope complexes that expel multiple antibiotics across outer membranes of Gram-negative bacteria and into the external medium. Others further potentiate this ...