Microbial communities in cores obtained from methane hydrate-bearing deep marine sediments (down to more than 300 m below the seafloor) in the forearc basin of the Nankai Trough near Japan were characterized with cultivation-dependent and -independent techniques. Acridine orange direct count data indicated that cell numbers generally decreased with sediment depth. Lipid biomarker analyses indic...

The bacterial cell envelope is composed of a mixture of different lipids and proteins, making it an inherently complex organelle. The interactions between integral membrane proteins and lipids are crucial for their respective spatial localization within bacterial cells. We have employed microsecond timescale coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations of vesicles of varying sizes and with a r...

Clavanins is a class of peptides (23aa) histidine-rich, free of post-translational modifications. Clavanins have been studied largely for their ability to disrupt bacterial membranes. In the present study, the interaction of clavanin A with membranes was assessed by dynamic light scattering, zeta potential and permeabilization assays. We observed through those assays that clavanin A lysis bacte...

Record of long-term land temperature changes remains ephemeral, discontinuous, and isolated, thus leaving the common view that Pleistocene evolution should have followed ocean temperatures unconfirmed. Here, we present a continuous surface reconstruction in Asian monsoon region over past 3.0 Myr based on distribution soil bacterial lipids from Chinese Loess Plateau. The record indicates an unex...

Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) is a potential alternative method for drug delivery due to its good stability, low toxicity, can be modified and controlled in release, as well produced on large scale. The SLNs are composed of solid lipids stabilized by emulsifiers. used SLN physiological that easily tolerated the body. These characteristics make system increase efficiency an antibiotics prepara...

The opalescence produced in serum by group A streptococci has been investigated. The development of opalescence is shown to be initiated by an enzyme attached to the bacterial cell which acts upon the alpha(1)-lipoprotein fraction of serum liberating the lipids from the protein. This enzyme has been termed a lipoproteinase. Evidence is presented which suggests that the degree of opalescence whi...

A Gram-stain-negative, motile, non-spore-forming and short rod- or rod-shaped bacterial strain, T-w6(T), was isolated from seawater of an oyster farm in the South Sea, Korea. Strain T-w6(T) grew optimally at 25 °C and in the presence of 2% (w/v) NaCl. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain T-w6(T) joined the cluster comprising Oceanisphaera species with a bo...

The effect and fate of dry atmospheric deposition on nutrient-starved plankton in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea (EMS; Crete, 2012) was tested by spiking oligotrophic surface seawater mesocosms (3 m3) with Saharan dust (SD; 1.6 g L−1; 23 nmol NOxmg −1; 2.4 nmol PO4mg −1) or mixed aerosols (A; 1.0 g L−1; 54 nmol NOxmg −1; 3.0 nmol PO4mg −1) collected from natural and anthropogenic sources. Using ...

The high percentage of lipids differentiates the tubercle bacillus and acidfast bacteria in general from other microorganisms. However, the amount of lipids in acid-fast. bacteria varies not only from strain to strain but also with the composition of the medium (1). Results obtained in this laboratory indicate that the lipids of the human tubercle bacillus, Strain H-37, when grown under identic...

We conducted an extensive survey of hydrogen-isotopic compositions (D/H ratios) of diverse sedimentary lipids from the Santa Barbara Basin (SBB), offshore southern California. The main goal of this survey was to assess the diversity of D/H ratios in lipids from marine sediments, in order to provide a more detailed understanding of relevant biological and geochemical factors impacting lipid isot...