Although catastrophic weight loss is no longer common in HIV-infected men, we hypothesized that a more gradual process of cachexia [loss of lean body mass (LBM) without severe weight loss, often accompanied by elevated resting energy expenditure (REE)] is still common and is driven by excessive production of the catabolic cytokines tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-1 beta ...

Lean body mass (LBM) and muscle mass remain difficult to quantify in large epidemiological studies due to the unavailability of inexpensive methods. We therefore developed anthropometric prediction equations to estimate the LBM and appendicular lean soft tissue (ALST) using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) as a reference method. Healthy volunteers (n = 2,220; 36% women; age 18-79 yr), rep...

In the present study, we examined the associations of early nutrition with adult lean body mass (LBM) and muscle strength in a birth cohort that was established to assess the long-term impact of a nutrition program. Participants (n = 1,446, 32% female) were born near Hyderabad, India, in 29 villages from 1987 to 1990, during which time only intervention villages (n = 15) had a government progra...

Current approaches to Direct Numerical Simulation (DNS) are computationally quite expensive for most realistic scientific and engineering applications of Fluid Dynamics such as automobiles or atmospheric flows. The Lattice Boltzmann Method (LBM), with its simplified kinetic descriptions, has emerged as an important tool for simulating hydrodynamics. In a heterogeneous computing environment, it ...

1 1 LBE Workshop-15/05/2008-CEMAGREF Antony

– Based on Sirovich’s two-fluid kinetic theory and a dodecagonal discrete velocity model, a two-dimensional 61-velocity finite-difference lattice Boltzmann method for the complete Navier-Stokes equations of binary fluids is formulated. Previous constraints, in most existing lattice Boltzmann methods, on the studied systems, like isothermal and nearly incompressible, are released within the pres...

This letter focuses on solving the challenging problem of detecting natural image boundaries. A boundary usually refers to the border between two regions with different semantic meanings. Therefore, a measurement of dissimilarity between image regions plays a pivotal role in boundary detection of natural images. To improve the performance of boundary detection, a Learning-based Boundary Metric ...

An elevated total RBC volume (TRCV) in milliliters per kilogram of body weight has been an essential criterion for determining whether a person is polycythemic. This may be misleading in obese subjects as the TRCV per kilogram of fat is only one-tenth that of the TRCV of the lean body mass (LBM). Various formulas based on surface area have been used to account for this difference, but they are ...

An immersed interface-lattice Boltzmann method (II-LBM) is developed for modelling fluid-structure systems. The key element of this approach the determination jump conditions that are satisfied by distribution functions within framework lattice when forces imposed along a surface in an incompressible fluid. In initial II-LBM, discontinuity related to normal portion interfacial force sharply res...

BACKGROUND Propofol induction dose is variable and depends on many factors, including initial volume of distribution and early disposition. The authors hypothesized that preadministration blood distribution volumes, cardiac output (CO), and hepatic blood flow (HBF) could be examined to establish a propofol induction dose. METHODS Propofol dose required to reach loss of consciousness, when inf...