The Hellings-Down (HD) function describes gravitational-wave (GW) induced correlations in pulse arrival times from pulsar populations. author presents a thorough analytical treatment of the HD variance, demonstrating how cosmological vs. effects can be separated, and variance measurements provide unique insight on GW sources themselves.

The SOPRANE operational forecasting system is based on a quasi-geostrophic (QG) model of the Northeast Atlantic. The assimilation scheme used to constrain the model consists of a Reduced Order Optimal Interpolation (ROOI) using an Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) formulation. Corrections to the model fields at the surface are consistent with satellite along track data and a priori statistical infor...

The traditional Strapdown Inertial Navigation System (SINS)/Global Satellite (GNSS) integrated system uses standard Kalman Filter (KF) to estimate the error states, which weakens correlation between different components directly initialed Error Covariance Matrix (ECM) into diagonalization. This method is also widely applied in State Transformation Extended (STEKF) and Invariant (IEKF), results ...

Forest texture is an intrinsic characteristic and an important visual feature of a forest ecological system. Full utilization of forest texture will be a great help in increasing the accuracy of forest classification based on remote sensed data. Taking Shangri-La as a study area, forest classification has been based on the texture. The results show that: (1) From the texture abundance, texture ...