Efflux pump inhibitors are of great interest since their use as adjuvants of bacterial chemotherapy can increase the intracellular concentrations of the antibiotics and assist in the battle against the rising of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. In this work, we have described the mode of action of the 2-phenylquinoline efflux inhibitor (4-(2-(piperazin-1-yl)ethoxy)-2-(4-propoxyphenyl) quinolone -...

Dried leaves of Acalypha indica was extracted with methanol by cold percolation. From the observed data, crude extraction concentration 500 and 250 μg completely arrest the bacterial growth except Enterococcus faecalis and Shigella boydii. 125 μg concentration crude extract also completely inhibit the bacterial cell growth in Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and P. mirabilis and Staphy...

results of total 60 s. aureus isolates, 51 (85%) were mrsa, and of 60 cons, 7 (11.66%) were mrcons. the results showed that the mic of chlorhexidine for all 120 isolates was 1-16 μg/ml. 15 (12.5%) isolates carried qaca/b gene, 26 (21.7%) carried qacc gene, and 38 (31.7%) carried smr gene. conclusions maintenance of mrsa isolates in the attendance of low amounts of antiseptics could result in th...

Though antimicrobial agents have been used for the effective control of infectious agents, there is a growing concern about emergence and re-emergence multidrug-resistant bacteria pathogens against commonly prescribed antibiotics. Consequently, gross reduction in effectiveness mechanism thereby increasing health care costs its associated consequences. Plant parts extracts crude forms local seve...

A significant percentage survival, representing a large number of viable cells, can occur in a Staphylococcus aureus population exposed to concentrations of mupirocin up to 1,000 times the minimum inhibitory concentration. An elevated ratio of minimum inhibitory to minimum bactericidal concentration of mupirocin with staphylococci was recorded. Staphylococci which survive exposure to mupirocin ...

Cationic polymers are promising antibacterial agents because bacteria have a low propensity to develop resistance against them, but they usually biocompatibility of their hydrophobic moieties. Herein, we report new biodegradable and biocompatible chitosan-derived cationic polymer, 2,6-diamino chitosan (2,6-DAC). 2,6-DAC shows excellent broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity with minimum inhibito...

background: the aim of this study was to determine the occurrence of virulence determinants and vancomycin- resistant genes among enterococcus faecalis and e. faecium obtained from various clinical sources. methods: the study was performed on the 280 enterococcal isolated from clinical specimens in hamadan hospitals, western iran in 2012-14. antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed using...

Burkholderia pseudomallei is the causative agent of melioidosis, a serious infection associated with high mortality and relapse. Current antimicrobial therapy using ceftazidime (CAZ) is often ineffective. Inhibitors of LpxC, the enzyme responsible for lipid A biosynthesis, have potential antimicrobial activity against several Gram-negative bacteria in vivo, but their activity against B. pseudom...

Background: Medicinal plants are considered new resources for producing agents that could act as alternatives to antibiotics in the treatment of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of 28 plant extracts and oils against four Gram-negative bacterial species.Methods: Experimental, in vitro, evaluation of the activities of 28 plant extract...

background the evidence of rapid spread of multidrug resistant mycobacterium tuberculosis (mdr–tb) strains especially in high risk communities, persuade clinicians to find new drugs for this problem. β– lactams with few or no side effects has been reviewed as an alternative drugs for this issue. this study carried out to determine the effectiveness of amoxicillin–clavulanate in a group of irani...