Although studies on the control of photoperiod-related shedding by rod photoreceptors in frogs suggested that the mechanisms which initiate shedding are intrinsic features of the eye, attempts to observe light-evoked shedding in opened eye cups in balanced salt solutions have been unsuccessful. We have examined disc shedding in eye cups kept in a complex tissue culture medium. Eye cups were pre...

1. The effects of oral hydrochloric acid, ammonium chloride, sodium bicarbonate and ammonium bicarbonate on urea and ammonium excretion in rats on a constant diet were studied. 2. Hydrochloric acid acidosis significantly reduced urea excretion in the rat, with an equimolar increase in NH+4 excretion and no change in their sum. In ammonium chloride acidosis, most of the additional nitrogen intak...

The salting out of acetonitrile from water in the presence ammonium bicarbonate was studied at atmospheric pressure 4 to 35 °C. coexisting phases were analyzed independently with H1 nuclear magnetic resonance, ion chromatography, calorimetry, and titrations. binodal region described semiempirical functions UNIQUAC thermodynamic model. critical composition ambient temperature is given by 0.02 g/...

Neutrophils migrating from the blood (pH 7.35-7.45) into the surrounding tissues encounter changes in extracellular pH (pHe) conditions. Upon activation of NADPH oxidase 2 (Nox), neutrophils generate large amounts of H+ ions reducing the intracellular pH (pHi). Nevertheless, how extracellular pH regulates neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation (NETosis) is not clearly established. We hyp...

Oxidation of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) may play an important role in atherosclerosis. We studied the effects of bicarbonate/CO2 and phosphate buffer systems on metal ion-catalyzed oxidation of LDL to malondialdehyde (MDA) and to protein carbonyl and MetO derivatives. Our results revealed that LDL oxidation in mixtures containing free iron or heme derivatives was much greater in bicarbonate/...

To compare the bicarbonate kinetics and gastrointestinal (GI) symptom responses between an equal dose of sodium citrate using delayed-release capsules. Thirteen active males (age 20.5 ± 2.1 y, height 1.8 0.1 m body mass [BM] 76.5 9.6 kg) consumed either 0.3 g.kg?1 BM bicarbonate, or a placebo, double-blind, randomized crossover design. Blood ion (HCO3?) concentration, pH GI symptoms were measur...

Dependence of Hill reaction (ferricyanide reduction) by isolated (broken) chloroplasts on bicarbonate ion increases with time of illumination (upto 4 min) in HCC>3~ free reaction mixture. The stimulation caused by HCOs" is independent of light intensity down to very low intensities indicating an involvement of this ion in early photochemical events of photosystem II. Oxygen evolution was found ...