Toxic bile salts induce hepatocyte apoptosis by a Fas-dependent, Fas ligand-independent mechanism. To account for this observation, we formulated the hypothesis that toxic bile salts induce apoptosis by effecting translocation of cytoplasmic Fas to the cell surface, resulting in transduction of Fas death signals. In McNtcp.24 cells the majority of Fas was cytoplasmic, as assessed by cell fracti...

The interactions with bile salts of carboxylester lipases (EC 3.1.1.13) from human pancreatic juice and pig pancreas were characterized by physical methods. Bile salts cause a decrease in the fluorescence intensity of the proteins at the emission maximum of 333-335 nm. The concentration dependence of this decrease shows saturation behavior, is relatively nonspecific with respect to bile salt co...

The ability of bile salts to inhibit the precipitation of either calcium hydroxyapatite or its precursor, amorphous calcium phosphate, by reducing CaZ+ activity or poisoning nascent crystals was determined. When apatite precipitated rapidly (1-4 h), glycocholate and taurine-conjugated bile salts (up to 100 mM) had little effect on apatite formation, but prevented amorphous calcium phosphate pre...

Human serum normally contains only the conjugated bile salts, glycocholate, glycochenodeoxycholate, taurocholate and taurochenodeoxycholate (Sandberg et al., 1965 ; Panveliwalla et al., 1970), with a total concentration below 5pmol/l. In serum from jaundiced patients the total bile salt concentration may rise to values exceeding 250pmol/l (Panveliwalla et al., 1970). The conjugated chenodeoxych...

It has been known for a considerable time, e.g. Rachford (1891), that the addition of bile salts increases the rate of hydrolysis of fat by pancreatic lipase. Bile salts could speed up the rate of hydrolysis by activating the enzyme molecule, but since they are surface-active agents and therefore emulsifying agents it is clear that their activating effect could be simply due to an emulsificatio...

Copper in bile has been shown by electrophoresis to occur neither as free ions nor complexed to protein but to be associated with a component of the micellar complexes of bile. Solvent fractionation studies suggest that the bile salt components of the lecithin-bile salt complexes are the active binding agents. The effects of specific bile salts on the behaviour of copper during electrophoresis ...

Cholestasis is associated with systemic accumulation of bile salts and with deficiency of bile in the intestinal lumen. During the past years bile salts have been identified as signaling molecules that regulate lipid, glucose, and energy metabolism. Bile salts have also been shown to activate signaling routes leading to proliferation, apoptosis, or differentiation. It is unclear, however, wheth...

Hyperlipidemia is a common side effect of cyclosporine A (CsA) after solid organ transplantation. CsA also markedly reduces the synthesis rate of bile salts in rats and can inhibit biliary bile salt secretion. It is not known, however, whether CsA inhibits the synthesis of bile salts in humans, and whether the hyperlipidemic effects of CsA are related to bile salt metabolism. Our objective was ...

The principles governing the in vitro solubility of the common natural conjugated and unconjugated bile acids and salts in relation to pH, micelle formation, and Ca2' concentration arc considered from a theoretical standpoint and then correlated first with experimental observations on model systems and second with the formation of precipitates containing bile acids in health and disease. In vit...