Abstract Biomass from various sources such as cow dung is a significant source of renewable energy (as biogas) in many regions globally, especially India, Africa, Brazil, and China. However, biogas production biomass cattle slow, inefficient biochemical process, the specific produced per kg relatively small. The improvement efficiency using dilution ratios (and, hence, total solids [TS]) invest...

The formation of acetate by Acetobacterium woodii was studied systematically in batch-operated stirred-tank reactors at different hydrogen and carbon dioxide partial pressures in the gas phase. 48 parallel stirred-tank reactors on a millilitre-scale as well as stirred-tank reactors on a litre-scale were applied for the detailed reaction engineering analysis of hydrogenotrophic acetate formation...

Sugar binding proteins and binders of intermediate sugar metabolites derived from microbes are increasingly being used as reagents in new and expanding areas of biotechnology. The fixation of carbon dioxide at emission source has recently emerged as a technology with potentially significant implications for environmental biotechnology. Carbon dioxide is fixed onto a five carbon sugar D-ribulose...

BACKGROUND Biogas is a renewable energy carrier which is used for heat and power production or, in the form of purified methane, as a vehicle fuel. The formation of methane from organic materials is carried out by a mixed microbial community under anaerobic conditions. However, details about the microbes involved and their function are limited. In this study we compare the metagenomes of four p...

This work presents a brief introduction on the basics of fiber-optical sensors and an overview focused on the applications to measurements in multiphase reactors. The most commonly principle utilized is laser back scattering, which is also the foundation for almost all current probes used in multiphase reactors. The fiber-optical probe techniques in two-phase reactors are more developed than th...

Five aerobic enrichments efficient at degrading methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) under different substrate conditions were developed in well-mixed reactors containing a polyethlene porous pot for biomass retention. The five substrate conditions were as follows: MTBE alone; MTBE and diethyl ether (DEE); MTBE and diisopropyl ether (DIPE); MTBE and ethanol (EtOH); and MTBE with benzene, toluene, eth...

This paper outlines the approach taken to iteratively evaluate a set of VR/AR (virtual reality / augmented reality) applications for five different manual-work applications - terrestrial spacecraft assembly, assembly-line design, remote maintenance of trains, maintenance of nuclear reactors, and large-machine assembly process design - and examines the evaluation data for evidence of the effecti...