sulfur mustard (sm) has been used as a chemical warfare agent, in the world war i and more recently during iraq-iran war in early 1980s’. its biological poisoning effect could be local or systemic and its effect depends on environmental conditions, exposed organs, and the extent and duration of exposure. it is considered as a strong alkylating agent with known mutagenic, carcinogenic effects; a...

BACKGROUND Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs), the causative agents for life-threatening human disease botulism, have been recognized as biological warfare agents. Monoclonal antibody (mAb) therapeutics hold considerable promise as BoNT therapeutics, but the potencies of mAbs against BoNTs are usually less than that of polyclonal antibodies (or oligoclonal antibodies). The confirmation of key epitop...

Deception techniques are Information Warfare strategies commonly used by biological organisms and organisations to gain an advantage during competition. In this paper we examine two related techniques, misperception and self-deception, which we relate to the four canonical Information Warfare strategies and Boyd's OODA loop model.

A label free real time method was developed for the detection as well as quantification of botulinum neurotoxin A (BoNT/A) using surface plasmon resonance (SPR). In the present work, antibody against rBoNT/A-HCC fragment and synaptic vesicles (SV) were immobilized on carboxymethyldextran modified gold chip. The immobilization of BoNT/A antibody and interaction of BoNT/A with immobilized antibod...

A flow reactor was designed, manufactured by 3D printing, and modified to promote the selective ethanolysis of a chemical warfare agent VX surrogate.

UNLABELLED In case contaminants are found in enclosed environments such as aircraft cabins or buildings, it is useful to find the contaminant sources. One method to locate contaminant sources is by inverse computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling. As the inverse CFD modeling is ill posed, this paper has proposed to solve a quasi-reversibility (QR) equation for contaminant transport. The equa...

This study reports a hybrid electrokinetic technique for label-free manipulation of pathogenic bacteria in biological samples toward medical diagnostic applications. While most electrokinetic techniques only function in low-conductivity buffers, hybrid electrokinetics enables effective operation in high-conductivity samples, such as physiological fluids (∼1 S m(-1)). The hybrid electrokinetic t...

A new method was developed based on SPR for the detection of Brucella abortus CE. The detection limit of SPR biosensor was found to be 0.1 ppm. Interference study was also performed with Brucella CSP-31 and a decrease in angle change was observed with exemplifying specificity for antigenantibody interaction.

Sulfur Mustard (SM) has been used as a chemical warfare agent, in the World War I and more recently during Iraq-Iran war in early 1980s’. Its biological poisoning effect could be local or systemic and its effect depends on environmental conditions, exposed organs, and the extent and duration of exposure. It is considered as a strong alkylating agent with known mutagenic, carcinogenic effects; a...