Two different ionic liquid-based biopolymer electrolyte systems were prepared using a solution casting technique. Corn starch and lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF₆) were employed as polymer and salt, respectively. Additionally, two different counteranions of ionic liquids, viz. 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate (BmImPF₆) and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium trifluoromethanesulfonate (...

There has been a great interest in application of nanoparticles as biomaterials for delivery of therapeutic molecules such as drugs and genes, and for tissue engineering. In particular, biopolymers are suitable materials as nanoparticles for clinical application due to their versatile traits, including biocompatibility, biodegradability and low immunogenicity. Biopolymers are polymers that are ...

Root knot nematode, Meloidogyne spp. causes severe yield losses in vegetable crops. Chitosan is one of the most abundant biopolymer available worldwide next to cellulose. It known have anti-nemic, anti-fungal and anti- bacterial properties. Application chitosan induces systemic resistance tomato plants against pathogens by increasing phenolic content antioxidant enzymes viz., Polyphenol oxidase...

according to recent achievements in nano technology we can see its effects in different engineering fields. in nano manufacture process the first essential step is modeling coordinately in order to make it available different software are developing for this propose.  in this paper nano modeling for two papers is developed first understanding structure in nano and micro size and second simulati...