Ureteral ectopia (UE) is a congenital anomaly of the urinary system where the ureteral orifice is inappropriately positioned caudal to the urinary bladder (i.e. the bladder neck, urethra, vagina, vestibule or uterus). This is the most common cause of urinary incontinence in juvenile female dogs accounting for over 50% of cases in one study, compared to only 5% of incontinent adult dogs. Althoug...

OBJECTIVE To determine the medium and long-term outcome of orthotopic continent urinary diversion with ileal (Studer) neo-bladder following radical cystectomy. STUDY DESIGN Case series. PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY Department of Surgery, The Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, from January 1998 to September 2010. METHODOLOGY Thirty eight patients underwent radical cystectomy for invasiv...

The use of bovine amnion in the urinary tract for reconstructive purposes following ablative surgery in cases of trauma, cancer or infection is now a common practice in urological surgery. To evaluate urinary bladder reconstruction with bovine amniotic membrane (BAM), ten healthy mongrel dogs of either sex weighing 10-40 kg were used. The animals were randomly divided into two groups of fi...

Bladder neck contracture (BNC) is a well-described complication of the surgical treatment of benign and malignant prostate conditions. Nevertheless, etiologies of BNC development are highly dependent on the primary treatment modality undertaken with BNC also occurring after pelvic radiation. The treatment options for BNC can range from simple, office-based dilation procedures to more invasive, ...

1.1 Anatomy of the lower urinary tract Initially, a brief summary of the anatomy of the lower urinary tract will be presented. The bladder is a hollow muscular organ in pelvis lined by a mucous membrane and covered on its outer aspect partly by peritoneal serosa and partly by fascia (Lich et al. 1978; Dixon and Gosling 1987). The muscularis of the bladder is formed of smooth muscle cells which ...

CASE SUMMARY A 33-month-old, spayed female domestic shorthair cat was referred to the Animal Health Trust for the investigation of urinary incontinence and straining to urinate. A membrane-like structure was detected in the bladder neck, which caused partial obstruction of the urinary bladder. A combination of different imaging techniques, including ultrasonography, radiography, CT and fluorosc...

ntroduction. Bladder neck stenosis (BNS) is one of the most formidable and difficult to correct complications transurethral surgical interventions on prostate. Despite significant progress in endourology abundance new technological solutions used surgery, results endoscopic correction BNS are still unsatisfactory. One methods recurrent robot-assisted YV-plastic surgery BNS. Materials methods. F...

The modern cystoscope is the result of the advancement in technology in numerous areas and is an invaluable tool that allows the urologist to perform a number of diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. Although various degrees of endoscope failure have been widely reported, instrument breakage that leads to a foreign body has not. While performing a bladder neck stricture incision for a 72-year...

Adenocarcinomas arising in the female urethra have been rarely reported. Here we report a case of laparoscopic radical cystourethrectomy with incontinent urinary diversion in a patient with adenocarcinoma in the urethra and bladder. A 60-year-old female presenting with a history of recurrent cystitis and painless hematuria was referred to our facility with voiding difficulty and a urethral mass...