This essay provides a perspective on several issues in valence bond theory: the physical significance of semilocal bonding orbitals, the capability of valence bond concepts to explain systems with multireferences character, the use of valence bond theory to provide analytical representations of potential energy surfaces for chemical dynamics by the method of semiempirical valence bond potential...

This study evaluated the effect of chemical and mechanical surface treatments for cast metal alloys on the bond strength of an indirect composite resin (Artglass) to commercially pure titanium (cpTi). Thirty cylindrical metal rods (3 mm diameter x 60 mm long) were cast in grade-1 cpTi and randomly assigned to 6 groups (n=5) according to the received surface treatment: sandblasting; chemical tre...

Chemical bonding enables scientists to take the 100-plus elements of the periodic table and combine them in myriad ways to form chemical compounds and materials. The success rate is pretty good, as more than 120 million chemical substances are currently registered by CAS, a division of the American Chemical Society. But there are still hundreds of millions more waiting to be created. Researcher...

This account takes to task papers that criticize the definition of a bond path as a criterion for the bonding between the atoms it links by mistakenly identifying it with a chemical bond. It is argued that the notion of a chemical bond is too restrictive to account for the physics underlying the broad spectrum of interactions between atoms and molecules that determine the properties of matter. ...

In this paper we present a bond graph model of a Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor which represents the reaction kinetics as well as the heat and mass transport phenomena in the reactor. The consequences of reticulation of the phenomena and of the systematic use of the power conjugated variables on the formulation of the thermodynamic properties, the reaction kinetics and the energy and mass tran...

in this study, the effect of chemical modification of wood flour on the mechanical properties of polypropylene based composites was investigated using by dynamic mechanic thermal analysis. to meet this objective, the wood flour treated with chemical components including alkaline, acetic acid and benzoyl chloride, and then the chemically treated fibers were compounded with polypropylene at 180 °...