Transplacentally transferred antibodies induced by maternal pertussis vaccination interfere with infant immune responses to primary vaccination. We evaluated whether this interference remains in toddlers after booster In a prior phase IV, observer-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized study (NCT02377349), pregnant women Australia, Canada and Europe received intramuscular tetanus-reduced-antigen...

The avidity of Ag-specific CTL is a critical determinant for clearing viral infection and eliminating tumor. Although previous studies have demonstrated that vaccines using enhanced costimulation will enhance the level and avidity of Ag-specific T cells from naive mice, there are conflicting data about the effects of vaccines using enhanced costimulation (vector or dendritic cell based) on the ...

In a number of countries, whole cell pertussis vaccines (wcP) were replaced by acellular vaccines (aP) due to an improved reactogenicity profile. Pertussis immunization leads to specific antibody production with the help of CD4(+) T cells. In earlier studies in infants and young children, wcP vaccines selectively induced a Th1 dominated immune response, whereas aP vaccines led to a Th2 biased r...

by Vsevolod V. Panteleenko Traffic to a web server is unpredictable and very peaky. Such peaks can be up to ten times the average load. To avoid losing or alienating clients, web servers are overbuilt to handle the peak load. Consequently, there are huge investments in local infrastructure at web sites that are significantly underutilized except for infrequent peak periods. This dissertation de...

OBJECTIVE Observe and report seat belt use among children transported in belt-positioning booster seats. DESIGN We conducted a cross-sectional, observational survey of children transported in motor vehicles between 2006 and 2007. While drivers completed a survey reporting the child's age, weight and gender, and the driver's age, gender, race, income, education, and relationship to the child; ...

Cancer research is a rapidly evolving field with new discoveries emerging daily on its biology, prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. In particular, the recent achievement of several key immunotherapy milestones dramatically changed the landscape of cancer treatment. An important advance occurred in 2010, with the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval of the first therapeutic vaccine, ...

1 Overview Electricity generation from coal, natural gas, oil and nuclear sources involves the use of large volumes of process water. Two significant water-related issues confront the energy industry. The first involves biofouling of process surfaces and other power plant structures, leading to reduced energy efficiency and increased operational costs. A second challenge involves the accumulati...

BACKGROUND Hepatitis B (HBV) vaccination is an important preventive intervention for HIV-infected population. Data regarding booster HBV vaccine for persons with low HBV surface antibody (sAb) titers after vaccination in this immunocompromised population is lacking. METHODS We randomized 60 HIV-infected subjects lacking HBV protection after completion of 3 doses of HBV vaccine to receive a bo...

PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the immune response to serotype 19A in children aged 12-23 months after immunization of the 19F containing 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7). METHODS Blood samples from a total of 45 subjects (age 12-23 months) were included in the study. Subjects were categorized according to immunization status into three groups as follows: 18 s...

Dear Editor, We read with interest the paper by La Torre et al., 1 which conducted two systematic reviews and a meta-analysis to summarize the results of scientific works about influenza and pneumococcal vaccines in onco-hematological patients. We paid specific attention to influenza vaccine results. The protection rate of H1N1 vaccine resulted in 31% and 30% after the first dose and booster do...