Arboviral diseases receive serious consideration as the emerging infectious diseases globally. In veterinary medicine there are both zoonotic agents and primarily animal pathogens warranting concern. Japanese encephalitis virus and West Nile virus are two zoonotic arboviral agents that have had a major impact globally in recent years, Japanese encephalitis in the Asia-Western Pacific area and W...

Based on the Canon of Medicine by Avicenna (980-1037), fever is defined as an abnormal heat ignited in the heart and spreads throughout the body via the arteries (1). Following the Galen theory about fevers (2), Avicenna describes three main types of fevers in relation with the three types of material structures in the body (2). According to the theory of "Natural bodily af-fairs" mentioned in ...