BACKGROUND Mutations in the TERT promoter, ALK rearrangement, and the BRAF V600E mutation are associated with aggressive clinicopathologic features in thyroid cancers. However, little is known about the impact of TERT promoter mutations and ALK rearrangement in thyroid cancer patients with a high prevalence of BRAF mutations. METHODS We performed Sanger sequencing to detect BRAF V600E and TER...

I read with interest the recent article of Navarro-Locsin et al from the Philippines on the local rate of BRAF mutation in thyroid cancer. BRAF is a key genetic event in the initiation and progression of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). It is a well-established diagnostic marker useful in the preoperative evaluation of indeterminate thyroid nodules. In addition, BRAF mutation attracts substan...

AIMS To determine the prevalence and clinicopathological characteristics of BRAF V600E mutation and HER2 exon 20 insertions in Chinese lung adenocarcinoma (ADC) patients. METHODS Given the fact that the driver mutations are mutually exclusive in lung ADCs, 204 EGFR/KRAS wild-type cases were enrolled in this study. Direct Sanger sequencing was performed to examine BRAF V600E and HER2 exon 20 m...

Activating mutations of the BRAF gene lead to constitutive activation of the MAPK pathway. Although many human cancers carry the mutated BRAF gene, this mutation has not yet been characterized in canine cancers. As human and canine cancers share molecular abnormalities, we hypothesized that BRAF gene mutations also exist in canine cancers. To test this hypothesis, we sequenced the exon 15 of BR...

The V600E mutation of the B-type Raf kinase (BRAF) gene is a common event in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and seems to play a key role in the development and progression of this disease. We evaluated the expression of the mutated BRAF V600E protein in 144 cases of PTC using a novel mutation-specific antibody. Seventy-six PTCs (52.8%) showed unequivocal diffuse cytoplasmic expression of the...

Mutation of the BRAF gene is common in thyroid cancer. Follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma is a variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma that has created continuous diagnostic controversies among pathologists. The aims of this study are to (1) investigate whether follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma has a different pattern of BRAF mutation than conventional papillary th...

OBJECTIVES To examine the effects of 2 mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK1/2) inhibitors on papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) cell lines carrying the RET/PTC1 rearrangement or a BRAF mutation. In PTC, RET/PTC1 rearrangement or BRAF mutations results in constitutional activation of RET kinase or BRAF, respectively. Along the RET or BRAF signaling cascades, the activated RET kinase or B...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the significance of BRAF (V600E) and Ras mutations, and RET rearrangements in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) in the South central region of China. METHODS We included patients from Union hospital's pathology archive diagnosed with PTC and meeting the criteria for BRAF mutation, RAS mutation, and RET rearrangement testing. Medical records were analyzed for BRAF and RAS mu...

BACKGROUND Recently, BRAF inhibitors showed dramatic treatment outcomes in BRAF V600 mutant melanoma. Therefore, the accuracy of BRAF mutation test is critical. METHODS BRAF mutations were tested by dual-priming oligonucleotide-polymerase chain reaction (DPO-PCR), direct sequencing and subsequently retested with a real-time PCR assay, cobas 4800 V600 mutation test. In total, 64 tumors includi...

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are mesenchymal tumors characterized by mutations of KIT or PDGFRA. The objectives of this study were to evaluate BRAF mutations in GISTs and then to correlate BRAF mutational status in the tumor with clinical parameters, with B-raf expression, and with activation of some cellular pathways. BRAF mutation was screened in 321 GISTs with 70 wild-type GISTs. ...