Classification and visualization of structures in the human brain provide vital information to physicians who examine patients suffering from brain diseases and injuries. In particular, this information is used to recommend treatment to prevent further degeneration of the brain. Diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) is a new kind of magnetic resonance imaging rapidly gaining broad interest in the me...

The aim of the study is to analyze current views concerning interrelations between state intestinal microbiota and course ischemic-reperfusion brain injury. 
 Conclusion. Literary data are indicative disputable scientific opinions existing nowadays role dysbacteriosis (neuroprotective or neurodegenerative) in ischemic injuries. Meanwhile, studies common evidenced disturbances T-cell homeos...

Recent technological advances have led to improvements in social well being of man’s life in all aspects. This improving and advanced lifestyle is the major cause for some debilitating problems like road traffic accidents. Statistical analysis in literature shows that head and maxillofacial injuries are the most common of these injuries. Recent studies show that fractures of midface are strongl...

Many premature newborns develop bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), a chronic lung disease resulting from prolonged mechanical ventilation and hyperoxia. BPD survivors typically suffer long-term injuries not only to the lungs, but also to the brain and retina. However, currently it is not clear whether the brain and retinal injuries in these newborns are related only to their prematurity, or also...

I read with great interest the article by Hilario et al. The authors retrospectively analyzed the MR imaging data from the first 30 days after injury in 108 patients with severe head trauma and found that the presence of posterior and bilateral brain stem injuries were poor prognostic signs. Although they analyzed the location of the brain stem lesions, they did not analyze the volume or depth ...

Blasts are responsible for about two-thirds of the combat injuries in Operation Iraqi Freedom and Operation Enduring Freedom, which include at least 1,200 traumatic brain injuries. Blasts inflict damage to the brain directly and by causing injuries to other organs, resulting in air emboli, hypoxia, and shock. Direct injuries to the brain result from rapid shifts in air pressure (primary blast i...

BACKGROUND Brain injuries are a significant public health problem, particularly among the pediatric population. Brain injuries account for a significant portion of pediatric injury deaths, and are the highest contributor to morbidity and mortality in the pediatric and young adult populations. Several studies focus on particular mechanisms of brain injury and the cost of treating brain injurie...

STUDY OBJECTIVE Computed tomography (CT) is frequently used in evaluating children with blunt head trauma. Routine use of CT, however, has disadvantages. Therefore, we sought to derive a decision rule for identifying children at low risk for traumatic brain injuries. METHODS We enrolled children with blunt head trauma at a pediatric trauma center in an observational cohort study between July ...

J. Chen et al. (eds.), Immunological Mechanisms and Therapies in Brain Injuries and Stroke, Springer Series in Translational Stroke Research, DOI 10.1007/978-1-4614-8915-3_2, © Springer Science+Business Media New York 2014 Abstract Acute brain injuries elicit prompt and robust immune responses characterized by the activation of local glial cells and mobilization of peripheral leukocytes. The ac...