In this review we discuss theories of the electroweak symmetry breaking sector in which the W and Z interactions become strong at an energy scale not larger than a few TeV.

‘Constituent quarks’ means massive quarks, in contrast to the nearly massless u, d, s quarks of the QCD lagrangian. The dynamical or constituent masses appear owing to the spontaneous chiral symmetry breaking in QCD. A realistic mechanism of the chiral symmetry breaking is provided by instantons. Therefore, I review the present status of the QCD instanton vacuum, emphasizing the mechanism of ch...

High double excitation of two-electron atoms has been investigated using hyperpherical coordinates within a modified adiabatic expansion technique. This modification creates a novel fictitious force leading to a spontaneous exchange symmetry breaking at high double excitation. The Pauli principle must therefore be regarded as approximation valid only at low excitation energy. Threshold electron...

Mathematical studies of drug induced geometric visual hallucinations include three components: a model that abstracts the structure of the primary visual cortex V1; a mathematical procedure for finding geometric patterns as solutions to the cortical models; and a method for interpreting these patterns as visual hallucinations. In this note we survey the symmetry based ways in which geometric vi...

We present a general method for dynamically posting symmetry breaking constraints during search. The basic idea is very simple. Given any set of symmetry breaking constraints, if during search a symmetry of one of these constraints is entailed and this is consistent with previously posted symmetry breaking constraints, then we post this constraint. We illustrate the method with two examples whe...