The breakup of viscous and viscoelastic drops in the high speed airstream behind a shock wave in a shock tube was photographed with a rotating drum camera giving one photograph every 5μs. From these photographs we created movies of the fragmentation history of viscous drops of widely varying viscosity, and viscoelastic drops, at very high Weber and Reynolds numbers. Drops of the order of one mi...

A one-dimensional model evolution equation is used to describe the nonlinear dynamics that can lead to the breakup of a cylindrical thread of Newtonian uid when capillary forces drive the motion. The model is derived from the Stokes equations by use of rational asymptotic expansions and under a slender jet approximation. The equations are solved numerically and the jet radius is found to vanish...

The breakup of 8 B on 58 Ni below the Coulomb barrier was measured recently with the aim of determining the Coulomb breakup components. We reexamine this reaction, and perform one step quantum-mechanical calculations that include E1, E2 and nuclear contributions. We show that the nuclear contribution is by no means negligible at the intermediate angular range where data was taken. Our results i...

We show that the nontwist phenomena previously observed in Hamiltonian systems exist also in time-reversible non-Hamiltonian systems. In particular, we study the two standard collision-reconnection scenarios and we compute the parameter space breakup diagram of the shearless torus. Besides the Hamiltonian routes, the breakup may occur due to the onset of attractors. We study these phenomena in ...

Using low energy electron microscopy, we have investigated the (2 x 1)-(1 x 1) phase transition occurring above 925 K on Ge(001). Dimer breakup has been identified as the physical origin of this transition. A quantitative description of the dimer concentration during the transition involves configuration entropy of random monomers within the dimer matrix. The dimer formation energy amounts to 1...

We review some simple mechanisms of breakup in nuclear reactions. We mention the spectator breakup, which is described in the post-form DWBA. The relation to other formulations is also indicated. An especially important mechanism is Coulomb dissociation. It is a distinct advantage that the perturbation due to the electric field of the nucleus is exactly known. Therefore firm conclusions can be ...

A microfluidic device designed to generate monodispersed picoliter to femtoliter sized droplet emulsions at controlled rates is presented. This PDMS microfabricated device utilizes the geometry of the channel junctions in addition to the flow rates to control the droplet sizes. An expanding nozzle is used to control the breakup location of the droplet generation process. The droplet breakup occ...

A coarse-grained molecular dynamics (MD) method, dissipative particle dynamics (DPD), is employed to simulate the breakup of liquid sub-micron liquid cylinders and jets. Consistent with prior findings employing MD, Rayleigh’s criterion for capillary breakup of inviscid liquid cylinders is shown to be applicable. Thermal fluctuations are the primary mechanism inducing instability and this leads ...

The breakup of B on Ni below the Coulomb barrier was measured recently with the aim of determining the Coulomb breakup components. We reexamine this reaction, and perform one step quantum-mechanical calculations that include E1, E2 and nuclear contributions. We show that the nuclear contribution is by no means negligible at the intermediate angular range where data was taken. Our results indica...

The cross sections for the (8 B, 7 Be-p) breakup reaction on 58 Ni and 208 Pb targets at the beam energies of 25.8 MeV and 415 MeV have been calculated within a one-step prior-form distorted-wave Born approximation. The relative contributions of Coulomb and nuclear breakup of dipole and quadrupole mul-tipolarities as well as their interference have been determined. The nuclear breakup contribut...