Background General practitioners (GPs) will face cancer recurrences more frequently due to the rising number of cancer survivors and greater involvement of GPs in the follow-up care. Currently, GPs are uncertain about managing recurrence risks and may need more guidance. Objective To explore what guidance is available for GPs on managing recurrence risks for breast cancer, colorectal cancer a...

Background Adjuvant tamoxifen therapy approximately halves the risk of estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer recurrence, but many women do not respond to therapy. Observational studies nested in clinical trial populations suggest that overexpression or nuclear localization of p21-activated kinase 1 (Pak1) in primary tumors predicts tamoxifen failure. Material and methods We measured th...

BACKGROUND To evaluate the location of tumor relapse and imaging modality for detection according to the breast cancer subtype: luminal A, luminal B, HER2 positive luminal B, nonluminal HER2 positive, and triple negative. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 1244 patients with breast cancer with known estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), Ki-67 and human epidermal growth factor rece...

breast conservation surgery combined with radiation therapy is now an accepted option for the treatment of early breast cancer. so we decided to evaluate the results of such treatment in our first group of patients treated by this method. from 1992 to 1996 , one hundred patients with stage i and ii breast cancer treated with breast conservative surgery (lumpectomy or quadrantectomy). were irrad...

Abstract Background Breast cancer subtypes are known to have different metastatic recurrence sites. Distant metastases often observed during the post-operative course in patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-enriched breast and triple-negative cancer, but relatively rare those hormone receptor-positive HER2-negative (HR+/HER2−) cancer. Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL...

Therapy resistance is one of the major impediments to successful cancer treatment. In breast cancer, a small subpopulation of cells with stem cell features, named breast cancer stem cells (BCSC), is responsible for metastasis and recurrence of the tumor. BCSC have the unique ability to grow under non-adherent conditions in "mammospheres". To prevent breast cancer recurrence and metastasis it wi...