The purpose of this study was to determine how breathing protocols requiring varying degrees of control affect cardiovascular dynamics. We measured inspiratory volume, end-tidal CO2, R-R interval, and arterial pressure spectral power in 10 volunteers who followed the following 5 breathing protocols: 1) uncontrolled breathing for 5 min; 2) stepwise frequency breathing (at 0.3, 0.25, 0.2, 0.15, 0...

This study examined the differences in intracycle velocity variation and arm coordination in front crawl in swimmers with Down syndrome in three breathing conditions. International swimmers with Down syndrome (N = 16) performed 3 × 20 m front crawl at 50 m race speed: without breathing, breathing to the preferred side, and breathing to the nonpreferred side. A two dimensional video movement ana...

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to compare the difference of craniofacial morphology between oral and nasal breathing children, and discover the relationship between respiratory mode and craniofacial morphology. METHODS Using the system for the simultaneous measurement of oral and nasal respiration, 34 oral breathing children and 34 nasal breathing children aged from 11 to 14 years we...

Upper airway unidirectional breathing, nose in and mouth out, is used by panting dogs to facilitate heat removal via water evaporation from the respiratory system. Why some humans instinctively employ the same breathing pattern during respiratory distress is still open to question. We hypothesized that 1) humans unconsciously perform unidirectional breathing because it improves breathing effici...

background: volatile organic compounds (vocs), including carcinogens and toxic compounds, are produced in petrochemical industries. we undertook this study in order to study workers’ respiratory exposure to different voc concentrations and compare the results with the urinary levels of its metabolites and study the correlation between them in petrochemical industries. materials and methods: exp...

Our study set out to determine the acoustic markedness and potential communicative function of two types of silent pauses that differ in terms of speakers‘ breathing behaviour: (1) pauses with sustained breathing (breathing pauses), and (2) pauses with breath-holds (non-breathing pauses). Our first hypothesis postulates the existence of an articulatory reset in case of a breathing pause and an ...

This study was designed to test whether awareness of the measurement of breathing influences the breathing pattern in healthy subjects under routine laboratory conditions. Seventy four subjects (40 females and 34 males), aged 21-63 yrs, were studied under three different conditions whilst their breathing was being recorded for 5 min by means of inductance plethysmography (Respitrace): 1) subjec...

Recent editorials in BMJ by a number of authors has motivated me to publish the results of research into babies’ breathing that myself and the late Leif Karlsson (a Swedish biomedical electronics engineer living in Australia) conducted with Cotwatch breathing monitor, developed by Leif at my suggestion in 1985/86. Leif died in 1994 and the Cotwatch breathing monitor died with him: I had it deli...