The initiation and propagation of kink–bands are investigated through an experimental study and numerical modelling. Based on the results achieved, the sequence of events and key features for kink–band formation are identified; particularly, matrix yielding is found to play a crucial role in the process, and fibres are found to fail in the compressive side first. The findings from both the expe...

The gyrokinetic toroidal code (GTC) capability has been extended for simulating internal kink instability with kinetic effects in toroidal geometry. The global simulation domain covers the magnetic axis, which is necessary for simulating current-driven instabilities. GTC simulation in the fluid limit of the kink modes in cylindrical geometry is verified by benchmarking with a magnetohydrodynami...

We construct approximate kink solutions of supersymmetric open string field theory at lowest level when non-local operators in the tachyon effective action are fully taken into account. To this purpose we derive two duplication formulæ for products of incomplete gamma functions, which determine the level of approximation of the solutions. The time kink is an instanton of the Euclidean theory wi...

In this paper we study the dynamics of explicit solutions $2+1$-dimensional ($2$D) sine-Gordon equation. The Darboux transformation is applied to associated linear eigenvalue problem construct nontrivial $2$D equation in terms ratios determinants. We obtained a generalized expression for $N$-fold transformed dynamical variable which enables us calculate expressions solutions. order explore kink...

purpose: patterned breathing allows standardized serial measurements of heart rate variability and baroreflex indices. the slow breathing augments these parameters, and regular exercises, including yoga breathing practices with even respiratory rates have long-term beneficial effects in cardiovascular diseases. the role of temporization of breathing phases, i.e. the ratio of expiration to inspi...

We investigate the effect of a large number of kinks on the gravitational power radiated by cosmic string loops. We show that the total power radiated by a loop with N left-moving and right-moving kinks is proportional to N and increases with the typical kink angle. We then apply these results to loops containing junctions which give rise to a proliferation of the number of sharp kinks. We show...

Gauged supergravities (in four and five dimensions) with eight supercharges and with vector supermultiplets have a unique ultra-violet (UV) fixed point on a given physical domain M of the space of the scalar fields. We show that in these models the infra-red (IR) fixed points are located on the boundary of M, where the space-time metric becomes singular. e-mail: [email protected] e-mai...

The M2 protein of influenza virus A is a proton-selective ion channel activated by pH. Structure determination by solid-state and solution NMR and X-ray crystallography has contributed significantly to our understanding, but channel activation may involve conformations not captured by these studies. Indeed, solid-state NMR data demonstrate that the M2 protein possesses significant conformationa...

Electrically-heated suspended, nearly defect-free, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) exhibiting negative differential conductance in the high bias regime experience a sudden drop in current (or “kink”). The bias voltage at the kink (Vkink) is found to depend strongly on gate voltage, substrate temperature, and gas environment. After subtracting the voltage drop across the contacts, however, the kink bias...

Abstract In the construction of a classical smoothed out brane world model in five dimensions, one uses a dynamically generated domain wall (a kink) to localise an effective four dimensional theory. At the level of the Euler-Lagrange equations, the kink sets up a potential well which can trap certain suitably coupled fields. This mechanism has been employed extensively to obtain localised, four...