The effectiveness of an injected caprine serum fraction-immunomodulator (CSF-I2) as an immunostimulant in male and female F-line and commercial turkey poults infected with fowl cholera (Pasteurella multocida) was examined in separate trials. In the first 2 of 3 controlled trials, the effects of an i.m. injection of CSF-I2 given 24 h prior to a P. multocida challenge, administered by s.c. inject...

During spring and fall 2009, 60 wild turkeys (Meleagris gallopavo) harvested by Tennessee hunters were surveyed for Borrelia spp. by sampling their blood, tissue, and attached ticks. In both seasons, 70% of turkeys were infested with juvenile Amblyomma americanum; one spring turkey hosted an adult female Ixodes brunneus. Polymerase chain reaction assays followed by DNA sequencing indicated that...

HREE live poultry viruses-fowl pox, Rous sarcoma and Newcastle diseasehave been employed experimentally at the Agricultural Research Center, Beltsville, Maryland, iin studies designed to test their action on parthenogenesis in eggs of Beltsville Small White (BSW) turkeys. Each of the viruses was found to have an enhancing influence on cells of parthenogenetic origin (OLSEN 1956, 1961; OLSEN and...

Outbreaks of pandemic H1N1 2009 (pH1N1) in turkeys have been reported in several countries. Co-infection of pH1N1 and avian H9N2 influenza viruses in turkeys provide the opportunity for their reassortment, and novel reassortant viruses might further be transmitted to other avian species. However, virulence and transmission of those reassortant viruses in poultry remain unclear. In the present s...

The pathogenesis of five different Newcastle disease virus (NDV) isolates representing all pathotypes was examined in commercial and specific pathogen-free (SPF) turkeys. Experimentally-infected birds were monitored clinically and euthanatized, with subsequent tissue collection, for examination by histopathology, by immunohistochemistry for the presence of NDV nucleoprotein, and by in situ hybr...

The aim of this experiment was to compare the responses of young broiler chickens directly with the responses of turkeys to different dietary phytase concentrations. Nine hundred sixty birds (480 female Ross 308 broilers, and 480 female BUT6 turkeys) were reared in 64 floor pens from 0 to 21 d of age. Each species was fed a nutritionally complete (12.79 MJ/kg of AME, 231 g/kg of CP vs. 11.75 MJ...

Women’s political representation has been for decades ahead of women’s rights movement. However, women presence in politics is not only limited to women political participation but their position in party politics as well. This paper aims to analyze the role of parties in empowering women at the UK parliament and tries to contribute towards the existing literature through presenting an interdis...

background toxoplasmosis is a parasitic disease caused by the protozoan toxoplasma gondii. this parasite infects most of warm-blooded animals, including birds. turkeys are one of these animals which might be infected by this parasite. little is known about the prevalence of t. gondii in turkeys in iran. objectives the current study aimed to evaluate the rate of toxoplasma infection in turkeys i...

Background Copper is one of the most critical of the essential trace minerals required by animals. It is vital in the body as a component of (or cofactor for) enzyme systems involved in iron transport and metabolism, red blood cell formation and immune function. Included in almost every trace mineral premix (blended to provide mineral supplementation to animal rations) is enough copper to satis...

Scientiflc Events: Correlation of the Fish Lake Valley and Cedar The British National Physical Laboratory; LabMountain Beds in the Esmeralda Formation of oratory for Tropical Research; Mortality Statistics Nevada: R. A. STIRTON. Seed Transmission of in the United States; Ithaca Meeting of the AmerCotton Wilt: DR. J. J. TAUBENHAUs and DR. W. ican Psychological Association; The John Scott N. EZEK...