The collared pika, Ochotona rufescens has been recorded as a serious pest in apple orchards in the uplands valley of Ziarat in Baluchistan. In the winter, when the natural vegetation is lacking, the pikas debark the apple tree trunks or branches resulting in the killing of the tree and reduced fruit production. In summer, damage to wheat, corn and potatoes is also very severe. It is estimated t...

Norway rats (Rattus norvegicus) were present on Whale Island (Moutohora), Bay of Plenty, New Zealand between about 1920 and 1987. During 1969-1971 they reduced by less than 10-35 % the breeding success of grey-faced petrels (Pterodroma macroptera gouldi), by eating unattended eggs and killing young or weak chicks. Rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus), introduced to Moutohora (240 ha surface area) in...

An acute increase in international normalized ratio (INR) to >3.0 in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) can associate with an unexplained acute increase in serum creatinine and accelerated progression of CKD. A subset of these patients have renal tubular obstruction by casts of red blood cells, presumably the dominant mechanism of the acute kidney injury described as warfarin-related ne...

This paper describes the development of a method for the simultaneous determination of ten anticoagulant rodenticides (coumafuryl, warfarin, pindone, coumatetralyl, coumachlor, difenacoum, bromadiolone, brodifacoum, chlorophacinone and flocoumafen) in the liver and kidney based on column-switching liquid chromatography coupled with heated electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. The si...

A 55-year-old man came to the hospital with a bleeding wound on his tongue. The coating of his tongue was green, and his sputum was red. Because an increased international normalized ratio-value was measured, a blood sample was sent to our laboratory with the suspicion of coumarin intoxication. Liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS) analysis confirmed the po...

Second-generation anticoagulant rodenticides were introduced to control Norway rats that had become resistant to first-generation compounds. Unfortunately, some rats have become resistant to these as well. The lack of alternative rodenticides with the same attributes of ease of use and relative safety is potentially a serious problem should resistance become so widespread that anticoagulants ar...

To enhance their conservation value, several hundred islands worldwide have been cleared of invasive alien rats, Rattus spp. One of the largest projects yet undertaken was on 43 km(2) Henderson Island in the Pitcairn group, South Pacific, in August 2011. Following massive immediate mortality, a single R. exulans was observed in March 2012 and, subsequently, rat numbers have recovered. The survi...

Baits containing brodifacoum rodenticide were aerially applied to eradicate invasive black rats from Palmyra Atoll, an important biodiversity center. Bait application must be sufficient to be effective, while minimizing environmental hazards by not exceeding designated label rates, prompting our bait density assessments for two aerial drops. With few physical or human resources on this remote, ...

First posted April 19, 2023 For additional information, contact: Director, National Wildlife Health CenterU.S. Geological Survey6006 Schroeder RoadMadison, WI 53711Contact Pubs Warehouse The U.S. Survey Center measured environmental contaminants in Haliaeetus leucocephalus (bald eagles) and Aquila chrysaetos (golden to evaluate dietary exposure lead, mercury, anticoagulant rodenticides (AR), al...